- Isolation and Characterization of a Reducing Polyketide Synthase Gene from the Lichen-Forming Fungus Usnea longissima
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Yi Wang , Jung A Kim , Yong Hwa Cheong , Yogesh Joshi , Young Jin Koh , Jae-Seoun Hur
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J. Microbiol. 2011;49(3):473-480. Published online June 30, 2011
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-011-0362-4
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The reducing polyketide synthases found in filamentous fungi are involved in the biosynthesis of many drugs and toxins. Lichens produce bioactive polyketides, but the roles of reducing polyketide synthases in lichens remain to be clearly elucidated. In this study, a reducing polyketide synthase gene (UlPKS3) was isolated and characterized from a cultured mycobiont of Usnea longissima. Complete sequence information regarding UlPKS3 (6,519 bp) was obtained by screening a fosmid genomic library. A UlPKS3 sequence analysis suggested that it contains features of a reducing fungal type I polyketide synthase with β-ketoacyl synthase (KS), acyltransferase (AT), dehydratase (DH), enoyl reductase (ER), ketoacyl reducatse (KR), and acyl carrier protein (ACP) domains. This domain structure was similar to the structure of ccRads1, which is known to be involved in resorcylic acid lactone biosynthesis in Chaetomium chiversii. The results of phylogenetic analysis located UlPKS3 in the clade of reducing polyketide synthases. RT-PCR analysis results demonstrated that UlPKS3 had six intervening introns and that UlPKS3 expression was upregulated by glucose, sorbitol, inositol, and mannitol.
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Robert L. Bertrand, Mona Abdel-Hameed, John L. Sorensen Journal of Natural Products.2018; 81(4): 723. CrossRef - Tissue-specific localization of polyketide synthase and other associated genes in the lichen, Cladonia rangiferina, using laser microdissection
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Robert L Bertrand, John L Sorensen Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology.2018; 45(12): 1067. CrossRef - In vitro risk assessment of usnic acid
Zühal Polat, Elanur Aydın, Hasan Türkez, Ali Aslan Toxicology and Industrial Health.2016; 32(3): 468. CrossRef - Algal carbohydrates affect polyketide synthesis of the lichen-forming fungusCladonia rangiferina
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- Production of Anti-Helicobacter pylori Metabolite by the Lichen-Forming Fungus Nephromopsis pallescens
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Heng Luo , Yoshikazu Yamamoto , Hae-Sook Jeon , Yan Peng Liu , Jae Sung Jung , Young Jin Koh , Jae-Seoun Hur
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J. Microbiol. 2011;49(1):66-70. Published online March 3, 2011
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-011-0289-9
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The present study was conducted to evaluate the antibacterial activity of lichen-forming fungi (LFF) against Helicobacter pylori, and to optimize the culture conditions of LFF for maximum production of natural antibiotics against H. pylori. To accomplish this, a screening assay was first conducted among 19 species of
LFF. The extract of Nephromopsis pallescens (KOLRI-040516) exhibited the strongest anti-H. pylori activity. Bioautograghic TLC and HPLC analysis identified usnic acid as the main antibacterial substance produced by N. pallescens. The growth of N. pallescens and production of antibacterial substances produced by the
fungus were then investigated under several culture conditions including the culture media, initial medium pHs, incubation temperatures, and the degree of aeration. The results indicated that culture in MY medium with an initial pH of 6.0, a temperature of 15°C and a low degree of aeration supported the largest usnic acid production of the fungus (16.4 μg usnic acid/g dry biomass). Especially, aeration was found to be
an important factor that affect both growth and usnic acid production of N. pallescens.
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Citations
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Jung A Kim, Soon Gyu Hong, Yong Hwa Cheong, Young Jin Koh, Jae-Seoun Hur Mycologia.2012; 104(2): 362. CrossRef - Recent literature on lichens—222
Sarah Z. Hodkinson, Brendan P. Hodkinson The Bryologist.2011; 114(3): 653. CrossRef
- Lichen Flora around the Korean Antarctic Scientific Station, King George Island, Antarctic
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Ji Hee Kim , In-Young Ahn , Soon Gyu Hong , Mikhail Andreev , Kwang-Mi Lim , Mi Jin Oh , Young Jin Koh , Jae-Seoun Hur
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J. Microbiol. 2006;44(5):480-491.
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DOI: https://doi.org/2450 [pii]
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As part of the long-term monitoring projects on Antarctic terrestrial vegetation in relation to global climate change, a lichen floristical survey was conducted around the Korean Antarctic Station (King Sejong Station), which is located on Barton Peninsula, King George Island, in January and February of 2006. Two hundred and twenty-five lichen specimens were collected and sixty-two lichen species in 38 genera were identified by morphological characteristics, chemical constituents, TLC analysis and ITS nucleotide sequence analysis.
- Highland Macrolichen Flora of Northwestern Yunnan, China
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Jae-Seoun Hur , Li-Song Wang , Soon-Ok Oh , Gyoung Hee Kim , Kwang-Mi Lim , Jae-Sung Jung , Young Jin Koh
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J. Microbiol. 2005;43(3):228-236.
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DOI: https://doi.org/2222 [pii]
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Fifty-six species in 36 genera of macrolichens are reported from the Zhongdian area, northwest Yunnan, China during the lichenological expedition for highland macrolichen survey in June, 2004. More than 60% of these species have not been reported in South Korea. All of the 182 collected specimens are deposited in the Korean Lichen Research Institute (KoLRI) at Sunchon National University in Korea, and some of them are duplicated in the lichen herbarium, Crytogamic Herbarium, Kunming Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica (KUN-L) in China. This is the first report on the macrolichen flora in the visited areas.
- Occurrence of the strA-strB Streptomycin Resistance Genes in Pseudomonas Species Isolated from Kiwifruit Plants
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Hyo Shim Han , Young Jin Koh , Jae-Seoun Hur , Jae Sung Jung
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J. Microbiol. 2004;42(4):365-368.
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DOI: https://doi.org/2096 [pii]
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The occurrence of strA-strB streptomycin-resistance genes within transposon Tn5393 was examined in Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae, P. syringae pv. syringae, and P. marginalis, isolated from kiwifruit plants in Korea and Japan. PCR amplification with primers specific to strA-strB revealed that three of the tested Pseudomonas species harbored these genes for a streptomycin-resistance determinant. Tn5393, containing strA-strB, was also identified with PCR primers designed to amplify parts of tnpA, res, and tnpR. No IS elements were detected within tnpR, nor were they found in the intergenic region between tnpR and strA. Nucleotide sequence analysis indicated that the strA sequence of P. syringae pv. actinidiae contained a single nucleotide alteration at position 593 (CAA→CGA), as compared to Tn5393a in P. syringae pv. syringae. This resulted in an amino acid change, from Gln to Arg.
- Introduction of Saxicolous Lichens Distributed in Coastal Rocks of U-do Islet in Jeju, Korea
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Hyung-Yeel Kahng , Byoung-Jun Yoon , Sung-Hyun Kim , Duck-Ja Shin , Jae-Seoun Hur , Hyun-Woo Kim , Eui-Sung Kang , Kye-Heon Oh , Young Jin Koh
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J. Microbiol. 2004;42(4):292-298.
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DOI: https://doi.org/2108 [pii]
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This study reports, for the first time, the ivestigation of the distribution of Korean saxicolous lichens in the coastal rocks of U-do islet, which is known as an unpolluted zone in Jeju. More than thirty lichens were obtained and investigated from the coastal rocks frequently contacted by seawater. A molecular analysis using PCR amplification of the rRNA ITS regions revealed the coastal rock lichens could be placed into 8 families and 14 genera, Ramalinaceae (Bacidia, Ramalina), Physciaceae (Buellia, Dirinaria, Phaeophyscia, Physcia, Pyxine), Lecanoraceae (Candelaria, Lecanora), Parmeliaceae (Xanthoparmelia), Graphidaceae (Graphis), Pertusariaceae (Pertusaria), Rhizocarpaceae (Rhizocarpon), and Teloschistaceae (Caloplaca), showing a diversity of lichens, with foliose (flat leaf-like), crustose (crust-like), and fruticose (miniature shrub-like) life forms might be distributed in the coastal rocks. These findings suggested the possibility that the lichens identified in the present work might be resistant to a salty environment.
- Distribution of Lichen Flora on South Korea
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Jae-Seoun Hur , Hiroshi Harada , Soon-Ok Oh , Kwang-Mi Lim , Eui-Sung Kang , Seung Mi Lee , Hyung-Yeel Kahng , Hyun-Woo Kim , Jae-Sung Jung , Young Jin Koh
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J. Microbiol. 2004;42(2):163-167.
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After an overview on the temporary situation of the lichenology in South Korea, localities of 95 macrolichen taxa are reported for South Korea. In this revised lichen flora of South Korea, 16 species are apparently new to the territory. Voucher specimens have been deposited in the Korean Lichen Research Institute (KoLRI) at Sunchon National University in Korea, and duplicates have also been donated to the National History Museum and Institute, in Chiba, (CBM) Japan.
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