- DNA vaccine dual-expressing viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus glycoprotein and C-C motif chemokine ligand 19 induces the expression of immune-related genes in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
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Jin-Young Kim , Hyoung Jun Kim , Jeong Su Park , Se Ryun Kwon
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J. Microbiol. 2022;60(10):1032-1038. Published online August 1, 2022
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-2231-8
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Glycoprotein (G protein)-based DNA vaccines are effective
in protecting aquaculture fish from rhabdoviruses but the degree
of immune response they elicit depends on plasmid concentration
and antigen cassette. Here, we developed a DNA
vaccine using the viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus G (VG)
gene and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 19 (CCL19)a.2 regulated
by the CMV promoter as the molecular adjuvant. After
transfection of the prepared plasmid (pVG + CCL19) into epithelioma
papulosum cyprini cells, mRNA expression was confirmed
through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
The vaccine was intramuscularly injected into zebrafish
(Danio rerio), and 28 days after immunization, viral hemorrhagic
septicemia virus (105 TCID50/10 μl/fish) was intraperitoneally
injected. A survival rate of 68% was observed in the
pVG + CCL19 group but this was not significantly different
from the survival rate of fish treated with pVG alone, that is,
without the adjuvant. However, the expression of interferonand
cytokine-related genes in the spleen and kidney tissues
of zebrafish was significantly increased (p < 0.05) on days 1,
3, 7, and 14 after immunization. Thus, CCL19a.2 induced an
initial immune response as a molecular adjuvant, which may
provide initial protection against virus infection before vaccination-
induced antibody formation. This study provides insights
on the functions of CCL19a.2 adjuvant in DNA vaccines.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by  - Interleukin-12 as an adjuvant enhances Th1-biased immune response in DNA vaccine against Edwardsiella tarda in flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)
Xiaoyan Wu, Jing Xing, Xiaoqian Tang, Xiuzhen Sheng, Heng Chi, Wenbin Zhan
Aquaculture.2026; 612: 743296. CrossRef - CXCL20a promotes the immune protection of an inactivated vaccine against grass carp reovirus infection in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
Yizhong Lu, Shijie Wang, Yuezong Xu, Bo Tang, Guanyu Chen, Jianguo Su, Chunrong Yang
Fish & Shellfish Immunology.2026; 170: 111140. CrossRef - Comparative analysis of immunogenicity for viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) vaccines inactivated by different methods
Jin-Young Kim, Wi-Sik Kim, Su-Mi Shin, Taeho Kim, Sung-Ju Jung
Fish & Shellfish Immunology.2025; 160: 110217. CrossRef - Advancing fish disease research through CRISPR-Cas genome editing: Recent developments and future perspectives
Huria Marnis, Khairul Syahputra
Fish & Shellfish Immunology.2025; 160: 110220. CrossRef - From the perspective of modulating antibacterial immune responses and vaccine adjuvants application in teleost fishes: Exploring the prospects of chemokines in aquaculture
Jia-Feng Cao, Jiong Chen
Water Biology and Security.2025; 4(4): 100464. CrossRef - Advances in molecular adjuvants for nucleic acid vaccines
Casey E. Hojecki, Nicholas J. Tursi, Cory Livingston, David B. Weiner, Ebony N. Gary
Frontiers in Immunology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - LncRNA activates immune response against Vibrio anguillarum in the intestine-liver axis of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) by sponging miRNA in a ceRNA regulatory network
Xin Cai, Chengbin Gao, Alan J. Lymbery, Le Ma, Qiang Fu, Ranran Huang, Chao Li
Aquaculture.2023; 576: 739882. CrossRef - Determining transcriptomic response of kidneys of olive flounder to viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus infection using next-generation sequencing
Hyoung Jun Kim, Jeong Su Park, Se Ryun Kwon, Youngjin Park
Aquaculture.2023; 562: 738886. CrossRef - Integrative transcriptomic profiling reveals the key pathways in the regulation mechanism of fish intestine-spleen immunity during the bacterial challenges
Chengbin Gao, Xin Cai, Alan J. Lymbery, Le Ma, Min Cao, Chao Li
Aquaculture.2023; 568: 739320. CrossRef
- Development of a stringent ELISA protocol to evaluate anti-viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus-specific antibodies in olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus with improved specificity
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Hyoung Jun Kim , Jeong Su Park , Se Ryun Kwon
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J. Microbiol. 2015;53(7):481-485. Published online June 27, 2015
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-5101-9
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1,022
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Olive flounder were vaccinated with polyinosinic:polycytidylic
acid [Poly (I:C)] to prevent viral hemorrhagic septicemia
(VHS). Vaccine efficacy was verified by detection of anti-
VHS virus (VHSV) antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA). In the study, ELISA absorbance values
of the negative control group [Poly (I:C)-MEM10] were saturated
when an ELISA protocol, that includes pretreatment
of the fish sera with 5% skim milk, was used. However,
the saturated OD values in the negative control did not correlate
with a specific immune response against VHSV, because
the group showed low survival rate (only 10%) following
the VHSV challenge. Also, OD values of Poly (I:C)-
VHSV group were high, and the group showed high survival
rate (97.5%) against VHSV challenge test. It was suggested
that the high OD values were possibly due to the
presence of anti-fetal bovine serum (FBS) cross-reactivity.
To compensate this, we subtracted the absorbance of infectious
hematopoietic necrosis (IHNV)-Ag plates from
those of the VHSV-Ag plates. However, the average value
for the Poly (I:C)-VHSV group (0.167) was lower than expected
even though high survival rate. We used an advanced
ELISA system to pre-treat fish sera with 5% skim milk and
two novirhabdoviruses as capture antigens as well as 50%
FBS. The corrected absorbance values for pre-treated fish
sera from the negative control Poly (I:C)-MEM10 and experimental
Poly (I:C)-VHSV groups averaged 0.033 and
0.579, respectively. The specific VHSV antibody response
of the vaccinated group was assessed using fish sera pretreated
with skim milk and FBS and by calculating the corrected
absorbance values from ELISA with two novirhabdovirus
capture antigens.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by - Genome-wide association and genomic prediction of antibody response to Edwardsiella piscicida vaccination in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)
Yasara Kavindi Kodagoda, Jeongeun Kim, Jihun Lee, H.A.C.R. Hanchapola, M.A.H. Dilshan, D.C.G. Rodrigo, G.A.N.P. Ganepola, Cheonguk Park, Jeongyong Lee, Gaeun Kim, Jehee Lee
Fish & Shellfish Immunology.2026; 179: 111755. CrossRef - Virus Infection Models: Zebrafish as an Infection Model to Study Immune Landscape During Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus (VHSV) Infection
K. A. S. N. Shanaka, K. P. Madushani, Myoung‐Jin Kim, Sumi Jung, Jehee Lee
Reviews in Aquaculture.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Assessment and Performance of Pooled Serum Samples for Monitoring Farm-Level Immunity in Tilapia Infected with Tilapia Lake Virus
Jidapa Yamkasem, Puntanat Tattiyapong, Ian A. Gardner, Win Surachetpong
Viruses.2025; 17(7): 877. CrossRef - Development of an indirect ELISA for detection of the adaptive immune response of black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus)
Tongtong Wang, Shanshan Jin, Ruoxuan Lv, Yuting Meng, Guozhong Li, Yuxing Han, Qiusheng Zhang
Journal of Immunological Methods.2023; 521: 113550. CrossRef - Detection of Salmonid IgM Specific to the Piscine Orthoreovirus Outer Capsid Spike Protein Sigma 1 Using Lipid-Modified Antigens in a Bead-Based Antibody Detection Assay
Lena Hammerlund Teige, Subramani Kumar, Grethe M. Johansen, Øystein Wessel, Niccolò Vendramin, Morten Lund, Espen Rimstad, Preben Boysen, Maria K. Dahle
Frontiers in Immunology.2019;[Epub] CrossRef - Production of a monoclonal antibody against of muskellunge (Esox masquinongy) IgM heavy chain and its use in development of an indirect ELISA for titrating circulating antibodies against VHSV-IVB
Mohamed Faisal, Isaac F. Standish, Mary Ann Vogelbein, Elena V. Millard, Stephen L. Kaattari
Fish & Shellfish Immunology.2019; 88: 464. CrossRef - Phylogenetic analysis and duplex RT-PCR detection of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) from Korea
Jee Youn Hwang, Seongdo Lee, Thanthrige Thiunuwan Priyathilaka, Hyerim Yang, Hyukjae Kwon, Mun Gyeong Kwon, Seong Don Hwang, Myoung-Jin Kim, Jehee Lee
Aquaculture.2018; 484: 242. CrossRef - Herpesvirus Infection Induces both Specific and Heterologous Antiviral Antibodies in Carp
Julio M. Coll
Frontiers in Immunology.2018;[Epub] CrossRef - Validation of a serum neutralization test for detection of antibodies specific to cyprinid herpesvirus 3 in infected common and koi carp (Cyprinus carpio)
J Cabon, L Louboutin, J Castric, S Bergmann, G Bovo, M Matras, O Haenen, N J Olesen, T Morin
Journal of Fish Diseases.2017; 40(5): 687. CrossRef - The amino-terminal domain of ORF149 of koi herpesvirus is preferentially targeted by IgM from carp populations surviving infection
F. Torrent, A. Villena, P. A. Lee, W. Fuchs, S. M. Bergmann, J. M. Coll
Archives of Virology.2016; 161(10): 2653. CrossRef
- Establishment and Characterization of the Epithelioma Papulosum Cyprini (EPC) Cell Line Persistently Infected with Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus (IPNV), an Aquabirnavirus
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Hyoung Jun Kim , Jae-Kwon Cho , Hyung-Kyu Hwang , Myung-Joo Oh , Toyohiko Nishizawa
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J. Microbiol. 2012;50(5):821-826. Published online November 4, 2012
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-012-2364-2
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868
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Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), a type species of aquabirnaviruses in the family Birnaviridae, is an etiological agent of infectious pancreatic necrosis and has been isolated from epizootics of cultured salmonids. In the present study, an epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cell line persistently infected with IPNV (PI-EPC) was experimentally established by subculturing EPC cells surviving IPNV infection, and was characterized. PI-EPC cells were morphologically indistinguishable from EPC, but continued to grow and yield IPNV. PI-EPC cells showed no cytopathic effect due to IPNV inoculation, and susceptibility of PI-EPC cells against heterologous viruses was not different from that of EPC cells. Only one cell of 103.5 PI-EPC cells produced IPNV at approximately 100.5 50% tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50)/cell/day, which was approximately 1,000 times lower than that of normal EPC cells. PI-EPC cells that did not yield IPNV (N-PI-EPC) were screened. The IPNV genome was detected from both PI-EPC and N-PI-EPC cells, and the IPNV VP2 structural protein was detected from both cell lines, but no other IPNV proteins were observed by Western blot analysis with anti-IPNV serum. Thus, multiplication of IPNV in PI-EPC cells was regulated by some host cell factors, except interferon.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by - Kinetic control of nervous necrosis virus by cell-derived antiviral substance and metabolic state in fish cell lines
Han Sol Lee, Toyohiko Nishizawa
Virology.2026; 615: 110767. CrossRef - Characterization of cell lines persistently infected with infectious pancreatic necrosis virus
Lise Chaumont, Mathilde Peruzzi, François Huetz, Claudine Raffy, Jérôme Le Hir, Jules Minke, Pierre Boudinot, Bertrand Collet
Journal of General Virology
.2026;[Epub] CrossRef - Potential involvement of persistently infected cells in protective immunity of grouper fish convalesced from nervous necrosis virus infection
Toyohiko Nishizawa
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Wenji Huang, Ning Ji, Xin Zhao, Jiahong Guo, Jianhua Feng, Kangyong Chen, Yaxin Wu, Junya Wang, Jun Zou
Aquaculture and Fisheries.2024; 9(2): 181. CrossRef - Development and characterization of megalocytivirus persistently-infected cell cultures for high yield of virus
Woo Ju Kwon, Min Ji Yoon, Ji Woong Jin, Kwang Il Kim, Young Chul Kim, Suhee Hong, Joon Bum Jeong, Hyun Do Jeong
Tissue and Cell.2020; 66: 101387. CrossRef - Characterization of Persistent Infection of Megalocytivirus in PMF Cell Line Derived from the Fin of Red Sea Bream Pagrus major
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E. Mileva
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So-Young Oh, Toyohiko Nishizawa
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Shinpei Wada, Osamu Kurata, Hitoshi Hatakeyama, Azumi Yamashita, Shusaku Takagi, Toyohiko Nishizawa, Hiroshi Yokoyama
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