Journal of Microbiology

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Isolation of an algicide from a marine bacterium and its effects against the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella and other harmful algal bloom species: Yun Sook Kim , Hong-Joo Son , Seong-Yun Jeong; J. Microbiol. 2015;53(8):511-517. Published online July 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-5303-1

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The aim of this study was to isolate and identify bacteria demonstrating an algicidal effect against Alexandrium catenella and to determine the activity and range of any algicide discovered. The morphological and biochemical attributes of an algicidal bacterium, isolate YS-3, and analysis of its 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed it to be a member of the genus Brachybacterium. This organism, designated Brachybacterium sp. YS-3, showed the greatest effect against A. catenella cells of all bacteria isolated, and is assumed to produce secondary metabolites. When 10% solutions of culture filtrates from this strain were applied to A. catenella cultures, over 90% of cells were killed within 9 h. Bioassay-guided isolation of the algicide involved led to the purification and identification of an active compound. Based on physicochemical and spectroscopic data, including nuclear magnetic resonance and mass analyses, this compound was identified as 1-acetyl-β-carboline. This algicide showed significant activity against A. catenella and a wide range of harmful algal bloom (HAB)-forming species. Taken together, our results suggest that Brachybacterium sp. YS-3 and its algicide represent promising candidates for use in HAB control.

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Journal Article

Monitoring of Algicidal Bacterium, Alteromonas sp. Strain A14 in its Application to Natural Cochlodinium polykrikoides Blooming Seawater Using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization: Bo-Kyung Lee , Toshiya Katano , Shin-Ichi Kitamura , Myung-Joo Oh , Myung-Soo Han; J. Microbiol. 2008;46(3):274-282. Published online July 5, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-007-0238-9

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Abstract PDF

The red tide of dinoflagellate, Cochlodinium polykrikoides has frequently occurred in coastal waters, causing severe damage to fisheries. In the present study, the algicidal bacterium Alteromonas sp. A14 isolated from the southern coast of Korea was applied to a red tide of C. polykrikoides in a laboratory experiment. In the experiment, the abundance of the strain A14 was monitored using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Inoculation of the A14 at a final cell density of 9.0×105 cells/ml caused a significant decrease in C. polykrikoides abundance from 1,830 to 700 cells/ml during 2 days, while abundances of harmless diatoms rapidly increased from 3 days. Abundances of both A14 and other bacteria increased to 1 day. After 1 day, with flagellate abundance increased, bacterial abundance decreased. Finally, algicidal bacterial abundance decreased to 3.5×104 cells/ml. In the biological control of harmful algal blooms, in addition to decrease in target algal abundance and not occurrence of other harmful blooms, decrease in abundance of utilized organism is also important. This study emphasizes the importance of monitoring the inoculated bacterium when applying bacterium to natural seawater.

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