- Functional Characterization of DNA N‑Glycosylase Ogg1 and Ntg1 in DNA Damage Stress of Cryptococcus neoformans
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Kwang-Woo Jung , Sunhak Kwon , Jong-Hyun Jung , Sangyong Lim , Yong-Sun Bahn
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J. Microbiol. 2023;61(11):981-992. Published online December 6, 2023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-023-00092-y
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Reactive oxygen species induce DNA strand breaks and DNA oxidation. DNA oxidation leads to DNA mismatches, resulting
in mutations in the genome if not properly repaired. Homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end-joining
(NHEJ) are required for DNA strand breaks, whereas the base excision repair system mainly repairs oxidized DNAs, such as
8-oxoguanine and thymine glycol, by cleaving the glycosidic bond, inserting correct nucleotides, and sealing the gap. Our
previous studies revealed that the Rad53-Bdr1 pathway mainly controls DNA strand breaks through the regulation of HRand
NHEJ-related genes. However, the functional roles of genes involved in the base excision repair system remain elusive
in Cryptococcus neoformans. In the present study, we identified OGG1 and NTG1 genes in the base excision repair system
of C. neoformans, which are involved in DNA oxidation repair. The expression of OGG1 was induced in a Hog1-dependent
manner under oxidative stress. On the other hand, the expression of NTG1 was strongly induced by DNA damage stress in a
Rad53-independent manner. We demonstrated that the deletion of NTG1, but not OGG1, resulted in elevated susceptibility
to DNA damage agents and oxidative stress inducers. Notably, the ntg1Δ mutant showed growth defects upon antifungal
drug treatment. Although deletion of OGG1 or NTG1 did not increase mutation rates, the mutation profile of each ogg1Δ
and ntg1Δ mutant was different from that of the wild-type strain. Taken together, we found that DNA N-glycosylase Ntg1
is required for oxidative DNA damage stress and antifungal drug resistance in C. neoformans.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by  - Fungal DNA damage repair: from model to driver of virulence and AMR
Callum Parkin, Adam G. Bainbridge, Johannes Gregor Matthias Rack
Bioscience Reports.2026;[Epub] CrossRef - Mechanistic Insights into Wildlife Cancer and Conservation Strategies Under the One Health Framework
Qiangqiang Wang, Xiaoxuan Feng, Yurun Su, Naiwen Zhang, Yevheniia Dudnyk, Hongxuan He
Veterinary Sciences.2026; 13(8): 815. CrossRef
- A Signature-Tagged Mutagenesis (STM)-based murine-infectivity assay for Cryptococcus neoformans
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Kwang-Woo Jung , Kyung-Tae Lee , Yong-Sun Bahn
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J. Microbiol. 2020;58(10):823-831. Published online September 29, 2020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-0341-8
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1,020
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Signature-tagged mutagenesis (STM) is a high-throughput
genetic technique that can be used to investigate the function
of genes by constructing a large number of mutant strains
with unique DNA identification tags, pooling them, and screening
them for a particular phenotypic trait. STM was first designed
for the identification of genes that contribute to the
virulence or infectivity of a pathogen in its host. Recently, this
method
has also been applied for the identification of mutants
with specific phenotypes, such as antifungal drug resistance
and proliferation. In the present study, we describe an STM
method
for the identification of genes contributing to the infectivity
of Cryptococcus neoformans using a mutant library,
in which each strain was tagged with a unique DNA sequence.
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Citations
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Nucleic Acids Research.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Zinc-binding domain mediates pleiotropic functions of Yvh1 in Cryptococcus neoformans
Jae-Hyung Jin, Myung Kyung Choi, Hyun-Soo Cho, Yong-Sun Bahn
Journal of Microbiology.2021; 59(7): 658. CrossRef
- Microbial radiation-resistance mechanisms
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Kwang-Woo Jung , Sangyong Lim , Yong-Sun Bahn
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J. Microbiol. 2017;55(7):499-507. Published online June 30, 2017
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-017-7242-5
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Organisms living in extreme environments have evolved a
wide range of survival strategies by changing biochemical and
physiological features depending on their biological niches.
Interestingly, organisms exhibiting high radiation resistance
have been discovered in the three domains of life (Bacteria,
Archaea, and Eukarya), even though a naturally radiationintensive
environment has not been found. To counteract
the deleterious effects caused by radiation exposure, radiation-
resistant organisms employ a series of defensive systems,
such as changes in intracellular cation concentration, excellent
DNA repair systems, and efficient enzymatic and non-enzymatic
antioxidant systems. Here, we overview past and recent
findings about radiation-resistance mechanisms in the
three domains of life for potential usage of such radiationresistant
microbes in the biotechnology industry.
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