Journal of Microbiology

Jyotiranjan Bal

3 Articles

Pyrosequencing reveals bacterial diversity in Korean traditional wheat-based nuruk: Jyotiranjan Bal , Suk-Hyun Yun , Myoung-Suk Choi , Soo-Hwan Yeo , Jung-Mi Kim , Dae-Hyuk Kim; J. Microbiol. 2015;53(12):812-819. Published online December 2, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-5516-3

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The emerging global importance of Korea’s alcoholic beverages emphasizes the need for quality enhancement of nuruk, a traditional Korean cereal starter that is used extensively in traditional brewing. Apart from fungi and yeasts, bacteria known to be ubiquitously present are also a part of the nuruk ecosystem and are known to influence fermentation activity by influencing fermentation favorable factors. In the current study, bacterial diversity and temporal variations in the traditional wheat-based nuruk, fermented at two representative temperature conditions for 30 days, along with two commercial wheat-based nuruk samples for comparison analysis were evaluated using libraries of PCR amplicons and 454 pyrosequencing targeting of the hypervariable regions V1 to V3 of the 16S rRNA gene. A total of 90,836 16S reads were analyzed and assigned to a total of 314, 321, and 141 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) for nuruk A, B, and C, respectively. Diversity parameters clearly indicated nuruk B to be more diverse in terms of bacterial composition than nuruk A. Taxonomic assignments indicated that nuruk A was dominated by phylum Cyanobacteria, whereas nuruk B was dominated by phylum Actinobacteria. For both nuruk A and B, members of the phylum Firmicutes mostly converged into the family Bacillaceae; these microorganisms might be present in negligible numbers at the beginning but became significant as the fermentation progressed. The commercial samples were predominated by phylum Firmicutes, which is composed of Lactobacillaceae and Leoconostocaceae. The findings of this study provide new insights into understanding the changes in bacterial community structure during traditional nuruk starter production.

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Lactobacilus nuruki sp. nov., isolated from Nuruk, a Korean fermentation starter
Jun Heo, Satomi Saitou, Tomohiko Tamura, Hayoung Cho, Ji-Seon Kim, Jae-Ho Joa, Jeong-Seon Kim, Soon-Wo Kwon, Soo-Jin Kim
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology.2018; 68(10): 3273. CrossRef
Effects of initial moisture content of Korean traditional wheat-based fermentation starter nuruk on microbial abundance and diversity
Jyotiranjan Bal, Suk-Hyun Yun, Soo-Hwan Yeo, Jung-Mi Kim, Beom-Tae Kim, Dae-Hyuk Kim
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology.2017; 101(5): 2093. CrossRef

Mycoflora Dynamics Analysis of Korean Traditional Wheat-based Nuruk: Jyotiranjan Bal , Suk-Hyun Yun , Ha-Yeon Song , Soo-Hwan Yeo , Jae Hyun Kim , Jung-Mi Kim , Dae-Hyuk Kim; J. Microbiol. 2014;52(12):1025-1029. Published online November 29, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-014-4620-0

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Abstract PDF

The growing popularity of traditional Korean alcoholic beverages has led to a demand for quality enhancement of the traditional starter culture nuruk, which consists primarily of wheat. Therefore, this study focused on mycoflora characterization and the temporal variations in traditional wheatbased nuruks fermented at two representative traditional temperature conditions for 30 days. Nuruk A was fermented at a constant temperature of 36°C for 30 days and nuruk B was fermented at a high initial temperature of 45°C for 10 days followed by 35°C for 20 days. The average mycoflora load in the two different nuruk conditions did not vary significantly between the 0 and 30 day cultures, and a maximum load of 8.39 log CFU/g was observed for nuruk A on culture day 3 and 7.87 log CFU/g for nuruk B on culture day 30. Within two samples, pH was negatively correlated with temporal changes in mycoflora load. The pH of nuruk A was significantly lower than that of nuruk B at all of the time points evaluated. Culture- dependent characterization led to the identification of 55 fungal isolates belonging to 9 genera and 15 species, with the most prominent genera comprising Lichtheimia, Penicillium, Trametes, Aspergillus, Rhizomucor, and Mucor. A total of 25 yeast isolates were characterized belonging to 6 genera and 7 species, the most prominent among which were Rhodotorula, Pichia, Debaryomyces, Saccharomycopsis, and Torulospora. Mycofloral community dynamics analysis revealed that both samples A and B varied considerably with respect to the fungal communities over a span of 30 days.

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Effects of initial moisture content of Korean traditional wheat-based fermentation starter nuruk on microbial abundance and diversity
Jyotiranjan Bal, Suk-Hyun Yun, Soo-Hwan Yeo, Jung-Mi Kim, Beom-Tae Kim, Dae-Hyuk Kim
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Pyrosequencing reveals bacterial diversity in Korean traditional wheat-based nuruk
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A Circularly Permuted β-Lactamase as a Novel Reporter for Evaluation of Protein Cyclization Efficiency: Jeong Seon Kwon , Jyotiranjan Bal , Hai Min Hwang , Jeong-Yoon Kim; J. Microbiol. 2008;46(4):456-461. Published online August 31, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-008-0106-2

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Abstract PDF

Split inteins have been used as a versatile tool in protein engineering to mediate efficient in vivo and in vitro trans-splicing of a protein. The trans-splicing ability of split inteins was also applied to the in vivo cyclization of a protein. However, cyclization efficiency is dependent upon the type of split inteins employed and the conditions under which cyclization occur. In this study, a novel reporter system that easily measures the cyclization efficiency of split inteins was developed. For this purpose TEM-1 β-lactamase was divided into two fragments (24~215 and 216~286 amino acids) and circularly permuted. The circularly permuted β-lactamase expressed in Escherichia coli showed little β-lactamase activity, most likely due to the structural modification of the protein. However, when the circularly permuted β-lactamase was cyclized by the Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 DnaB split mini-intein, β-lactamase activity both in vitro and in vivo was recovered. These results suggest that the novel reporter system can be exploited to develop new inteins with high efficiency of in vivo protein cyclization.

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