- Structural analysis of N-/O-glycans assembled on proteins in yeasts
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Eun Jung Thak , Jungho Kim , Dong-Jik Lee , Jeong Yoon Kim , Hyun Ah Kang
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J. Microbiol. 2018;56(1):11-23. Published online January 4, 2018
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-018-7468-x
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Abstract
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Protein glycosylation, the most universal and diverse posttranslational
modification, can affect protein secretion, stability,
and immunogenicity. The structures of glycans attached
to proteins are quite diverse among different organisms and
even within yeast species. In yeast, protein glycosylation plays
key roles in the quality control of secretory proteins, and particularly
in maintaining cell wall integrity. Moreover, in pathogenic
yeasts, glycans assembled on cell-surface glycoproteins
can mediate their interactions with host cells. Thus, a
comprehensive understanding of protein glycosylation in various
yeast species and defining glycan structure characteristics
can provide useful information for their biotechnological
and clinical implications. Yeast-specific glycans are a target
for glyco-engineering; implementing human-type glycosylation
pathways in yeast can aid the production of recombinant
glycoproteins with therapeutic potential. The virulenceassociated
glycans of pathogenic yeasts could be exploited
as novel targets for antifungal agents. Nowadays, several glycomics
techniques facilitate the generation of species- and
strain-specific glycome profiles and the delineation of modified
glycan structures in mutant and engineered yeast cells.
Here, we present the protocols employed in our laboratory
to investigate the N- and O-glycan chains released from purified
glycoproteins or cell wall mannoproteins in several
yeast species.
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- Chitinibacter suncheonensis sp. nov., a Chitinolytic Bacterium from a Mud Flat in Suncheon Bay
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Sung Kyum Kim , Yong Ho Kim , Yu Seok Jeong , Han Beur Na , Jungho Kim , Keun Sik Baik , Han Dae Yun , Jung-Kul Lee , Hoon Kim
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J. Microbiol. 2012;50(6):1058-1062. Published online December 30, 2012
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-012-2333-9
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A chitinolytic bacterium, designated strain SK16T, was isolated from a mud flat in Suncheon Bay, Republic of Korea. Strain SK16T is Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, motile by a polar flagellum, and short rod-shaped. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain belonged to the genus Chitinibacter and was most closely related to Chitinibacter tainanensis S1T (98.2% similarity). DNA-DNA hybridization analyses showed a low association value of 20.45±4.08% between them. The major cellular fatty acids, the G+C content of the genomic DNA, and the predominant quinone of the strain were summed feature 3 (iso-C15:0 2-OH and/or C16:1 ω7c; 50.5%) and C12:0 (12.5%), 52.26 mol%, and Q-8, respectively. Based on the phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic, and phenotypic properties, strain SK16T represents a novel species of the genus Chitinibacter, for which the name Chitinibacter suncheonensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SK16T (=KCTC 23839T =DSM 25421T).
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Citations
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- The Role of Carbohydrate-Binding Module (CBM) Repeat of a Multimodular Xylanase (XynX) from Clostridium thermocellum in Cellulose and Xylan Binding
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Thangaswamy Selvaraj , Sung Kyum Kim , Yong Ho Kim , Yu Seok Jeong , Yu-Jeong Kim , Nguyen Dinh Phuong , Kyung Hwa Jung , Jungho Kim , Han Dae Yun , Hoon Kim
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J. Microbiol. 2010;48(6):856-861. Published online January 9, 2011
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-010-0285-5
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A non-cellulosomal xylanase from Clostridium thermocellum, XynX, consists of a family-22 carbohydratebinding module (CBM22), a family-10 glycoside hydrolase (GH10) catalytic module, two family-9 carbohydrate-binding modules (CBM9-I and CBM9-II), and an S-layer homology (SLH) module. E. coli BL21(DE3) (pKM29), a transformant carrying xynX', produced several truncated forms of the enzyme.
Among them, three major active species were purified by SDS-PAGE, activity staining, gel-slicing, and diffusion from the gel. The truncated xylanases were different from each other only in their C-terminal regions. In addition to the CBM22 and GH10 catalytic modules, XynX1 had the CBM9-I and most of the CBM9-II, XynX2 had the CBM9-I and about 40% of the CBM9-II, and XynX3 had about 75% of the CBM9-I. The truncated xylanases showed higher binding capacities toward Avicel than those toward insoluble xylan. XynX1 showed a higher affinity toward Avicel (70.5%) than XynX2 (46.0%) and XynX3 (42.1%); however, there were no significant differences in the affinities toward insoluble xylan. It is suggested that the CBM9 repeat, especially CBM9-II, of XynX plays a role in xylan degradation in nature by strengthening cellulose binding rather than by enhancing xylan binding.
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