Journal of Microbiology

Jung-Mi Kim

7 Articles

Pyrosequencing reveals bacterial diversity in Korean traditional wheat-based nuruk: Jyotiranjan Bal , Suk-Hyun Yun , Myoung-Suk Choi , Soo-Hwan Yeo , Jung-Mi Kim , Dae-Hyuk Kim; J. Microbiol. 2015;53(12):812-819. Published online December 2, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-5516-3

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The emerging global importance of Korea’s alcoholic beverages emphasizes the need for quality enhancement of nuruk, a traditional Korean cereal starter that is used extensively in traditional brewing. Apart from fungi and yeasts, bacteria known to be ubiquitously present are also a part of the nuruk ecosystem and are known to influence fermentation activity by influencing fermentation favorable factors. In the current study, bacterial diversity and temporal variations in the traditional wheat-based nuruk, fermented at two representative temperature conditions for 30 days, along with two commercial wheat-based nuruk samples for comparison analysis were evaluated using libraries of PCR amplicons and 454 pyrosequencing targeting of the hypervariable regions V1 to V3 of the 16S rRNA gene. A total of 90,836 16S reads were analyzed and assigned to a total of 314, 321, and 141 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) for nuruk A, B, and C, respectively. Diversity parameters clearly indicated nuruk B to be more diverse in terms of bacterial composition than nuruk A. Taxonomic assignments indicated that nuruk A was dominated by phylum Cyanobacteria, whereas nuruk B was dominated by phylum Actinobacteria. For both nuruk A and B, members of the phylum Firmicutes mostly converged into the family Bacillaceae; these microorganisms might be present in negligible numbers at the beginning but became significant as the fermentation progressed. The commercial samples were predominated by phylum Firmicutes, which is composed of Lactobacillaceae and Leoconostocaceae. The findings of this study provide new insights into understanding the changes in bacterial community structure during traditional nuruk starter production.

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Phenotypic and Genomic Analysis of Pediococcus acidilactici MBEL10321 with Potential Probiotic Properties
Jeong-Ah Yoon, Min-Kyung Ju, Chan-Haeng Lee, Yoon-Jong Ryu, Young Ju Jin, Myoung-Dong Kim
Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Development of cabbage fermented powder with enhanced enzyme activity using microorganisms isolated from nuruk
Jongbeom Park, Sunghee Kim, Seoyoung Lee, Ryeongeun Kim, Ahhyeon Chun, Jeong Jae Lee, Jong Nam Kim, Soo Rin Kim
Food Science and Preservation.2025; 32(6): 1067. CrossRef
Genomic and functional features of yeast species in Korean traditional fermented alcoholic beverage and soybean products
Da Min Jeong, Hyeon Jin Kim, Min-Seung Jeon, Su Jin Yoo, Hye Yun Moon, Eun-joo Jeon, Che Ok Jeon, Seong-il Eyun, Hyun Ah Kang
FEMS Yeast Research.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Identification of the Predominant Species of Bacillus, Staphylococcus, and Lactic Acid Bacteria in Nuruk, a Korean Starter Culture
Saeyoung Seo, Do-Won Jeong, Jong-Hoon Lee
Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters.2023; 51(1): 93. CrossRef
Investigation of lactic acid bacterial profiles in commercial rice wine and their effect on metabolites during low-temperature storage
Jeongmin Cha, Kwang-Moon Cho, Sun Jae Kwon, Seong-Eun Park, Eun-Ju Kim, Seung-Ho Seo, Hong-Seok Son
Food Chemistry: X.2023; 17: 100552. CrossRef
Effects of sediment and temperature on the long-term aging process of rice wine: Microbial and metabolic insights
Daehyeon Kim, Seong-Eun Park, Eun-Ju Kim, Hyun-Woo Kim, Seung-Ho Seo, Tae Woong Whon, Seong Woon Roh, Hong-Seok Son
Food Research International.2023; 174: 113604. CrossRef
Effects of saccharification agents on the microbial and metabolic profiles of Korean rice wine (makgeolli)
Jeongmin Cha, Seong-Eun Park, Eun-Ju Kim, Seung-Ho Seo, Kwang-Moon Cho, Sun Jae Kwon, Mee-Hyun Lee, Hong-Seok Son
Food Research International.2023; 172: 113367. CrossRef
Analyses of microbial community and quality characteristics of nuruk
So-Young Park, Seok-Tae Jeong, Chan Woo Kim, Sun-Il Yun, Ji-Eun Kang, Heui-Yun Kang, Bora Lim
Korean Journal of Food Preservation.2022; 29(1): 105. CrossRef
Microbial Diversity and Volatile Flavor Changes during Gayangju Fermentation, a Traditional Korean House Rice Wine
Young-Ran Song, Byeong-Uk Lim, Sang-Ho Baik
Foods.2022; 11(17): 2604. CrossRef
pH Changes Have a Profound Effect on Gene Expression, Hydrolytic Enzyme Production, and Dimorphism in Saccharomycopsis fibuligera
Mohamed El-Agamy Farh, Najib Abdellaoui, Jeong-Ah Seo
Frontiers in Microbiology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Research on the Probiotic Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. Boulardii-03 Derived from Traditional Nuruk
Eunjung Lee, Jae-Ho Kim, Jang-Eun Lee
Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition.2021; 50(12): 1392. CrossRef
Natural Occurrence of Aflatoxigenic Aspergillus Species and Aflatoxins in Traditional Korean Fermentation Starters, Meju and Nuruk
So Young Woo, Sang Yoo Lee, Fei Tian, A-Yeong Jeong, Cha Nee Yoo, Seung Yoon Kang, Hyang Sook Chun
Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety.2020; 35(5): 438. CrossRef
Lactobacilus nuruki sp. nov., isolated from Nuruk, a Korean fermentation starter
Jun Heo, Satomi Saitou, Tomohiko Tamura, Hayoung Cho, Ji-Seon Kim, Jae-Ho Joa, Jeong-Seon Kim, Soon-Wo Kwon, Soo-Jin Kim
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology.2018; 68(10): 3273. CrossRef
Effects of initial moisture content of Korean traditional wheat-based fermentation starter nuruk on microbial abundance and diversity
Jyotiranjan Bal, Suk-Hyun Yun, Soo-Hwan Yeo, Jung-Mi Kim, Beom-Tae Kim, Dae-Hyuk Kim
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology.2017; 101(5): 2093. CrossRef

Characterization of NpgA, a 4'-phosphopantetheinyl transferase of Aspergillus nidulans, and evidence of its involvement in fungal growth and formation of conidia and cleistothecia for development: Jung-Mi Kim , Ha-Yeon Song , Hyo-Jin Choi , Kum-Kang So , Dae-Hyuk Kim , Keon-Sang Chae , Dong-Min Han , Kwang-Yeop Jahng; J. Microbiol. 2015;53(1):21-31. Published online January 4, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-4657-8

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Abstract PDF

The null pigmentation mutant (npgA1) in Aspergillus nidulans
results
in a phenotype with colorless organs, decreased branching growth, delayed of asexual spore development, and aberrant cell wall structure. The npgA gene was isolated from A. nidulans to investigate these pleiomorphic phenomena of npgA1 mutant. Sequencing analysis of the complementing gene indicated that it contained a 4􍿁-phosphopantetheinyl transferase (PPTase) superfamily domain. Enzymatic assay of the PPTase, encoded by the npgA gene, was implemented in vivo and in vitro. Loss-of-function of LYS5, which encoded a PPTase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was functionally complemented by NpgA, and Escherichia coli-derived NpgA revealed phosphopantetheinylation activity with the elaboration of 3􍿁5􍿁-ADP. Deletion of the npgA gene caused perfectly a lethal phenotype and the absence of asexual/sexual sporulation and secondary metabolites such as pigments in A. nidulans. However, a cross feeding effect with A. nidulans wild type allowed recovery from deletion defects, and phased-culture filtrate from the wild type were used to verify that the npgA gene was essential for formation of metabolites needed for development as well as growth. In addition, forced expression of npgA promoted the formation of conidia and cleistothecia as well as growth. These results indicate that the npgA gene is involved in the phosphopantetheinylation required for primary biological processes such as growth, asexual/sexual development, and the synthesis of secondary metabolites in A. nidulans.

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Purification-free antifungal biocontrol platform using engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae secreting Trichoderma atroviride chitinase
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A Novel Rapid Fungal Promoter Analysis System Using the Phosphopantetheinyl Transferase Gene,npgA, inAspergillus nidulans
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Identification of a Polyketide Synthase Gene in the Synthesis of Phleichrome of the Phytopathogenic Fungus Cladosporium phlei
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Mycoflora Dynamics Analysis of Korean Traditional Wheat-based Nuruk: Jyotiranjan Bal , Suk-Hyun Yun , Ha-Yeon Song , Soo-Hwan Yeo , Jae Hyun Kim , Jung-Mi Kim , Dae-Hyuk Kim; J. Microbiol. 2014;52(12):1025-1029. Published online November 29, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-014-4620-0

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Abstract PDF

The growing popularity of traditional Korean alcoholic beverages has led to a demand for quality enhancement of the traditional starter culture nuruk, which consists primarily of wheat. Therefore, this study focused on mycoflora characterization and the temporal variations in traditional wheatbased nuruks fermented at two representative traditional temperature conditions for 30 days. Nuruk A was fermented at a constant temperature of 36°C for 30 days and nuruk B was fermented at a high initial temperature of 45°C for 10 days followed by 35°C for 20 days. The average mycoflora load in the two different nuruk conditions did not vary significantly between the 0 and 30 day cultures, and a maximum load of 8.39 log CFU/g was observed for nuruk A on culture day 3 and 7.87 log CFU/g for nuruk B on culture day 30. Within two samples, pH was negatively correlated with temporal changes in mycoflora load. The pH of nuruk A was significantly lower than that of nuruk B at all of the time points evaluated. Culture- dependent characterization led to the identification of 55 fungal isolates belonging to 9 genera and 15 species, with the most prominent genera comprising Lichtheimia, Penicillium, Trametes, Aspergillus, Rhizomucor, and Mucor. A total of 25 yeast isolates were characterized belonging to 6 genera and 7 species, the most prominent among which were Rhodotorula, Pichia, Debaryomyces, Saccharomycopsis, and Torulospora. Mycofloral community dynamics analysis revealed that both samples A and B varied considerably with respect to the fungal communities over a span of 30 days.

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Characterization of a Mutant Strain of a Filamentous Fungus Cladosporium phlei for the Mass Production of the Secondary Metabolite Phleichrome: Min-Hee Yi , Jung-Ae Kim , Jung-Mi Kim , Jin-Ah Park , Beom-Tae Kim , Seung-Moon Park , Moon-Sik Yang , Ki-Jun Hwang , Dae-Hyuk Kim; J. Microbiol. 2011;49(4):680-683. Published online September 2, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-011-1022-4

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Abstract PDF

UV-mutagenesis was performed to obtain mutant strains that demonstrate altered production of phleichrome, a secondary metabolite of Cladosporium phlei. Among fifty mutants selected, based on the increased area and intensity of the purple pigment surrounding the colonies, the strain M0035 showed the highest production of phleichrome, more than seven fold over wild type. Plate cultures of the M0035 strain resulted in a total of 592 mg phleichrome consisting of 146 mg and 446 mg from the mycelia and agar media, respectively. The M0035 strain displayed a growth rate and a mycelial mass comparable to the parental strain but had significantly reduced asexual sporulation.

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The MpkB MAP Kinase Plays a Role in Post-karyogamy Processes as well as in Hyphal Anastomosis During Sexual Development in Aspergillus nidulans: Sang-Cheol Jun , Sei-Jin Lee , Hyun-Joo Park , Ji-Young Kang , Young-Eun Leem , Tae-Ho Yang , Mi-Hee Chang , Jung-Mi Kim , Seung-Hwan Jang , Hwan-Gyu Kim , Dong-Min Han , Keon-Sang Chae , Kwang-Yeop Jahng; J. Microbiol. 2011;49(3):418-430. Published online June 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-011-0193-3

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Two genes encoding MAP kinase homologs, designated as mpkB and mpkC, were isolated from Aspergillus nidulans by PCR with degenerate primers. Deletion and over-expression mutants of mpkC showed no detectable phenotypes under any external stress tested. Deletion of mpkB caused pleiotropic phenotypes including a failure in forming cleistothecia under any induction conditions for sexual development, increased Hülle cell production, slow hyphal growth and aberrant conidiophore morphology. Over-expression of mpkB led to increased cleistothecium production. While the transcripts of mpkB and mpkC were constitutively synthesized through the entire life cycle, their size and amount differed with developmental stages. An outcross test using fluorescent protein reporters showed that the mpkB deletion mutant could not form heterokaryons with wild type. Protoplast fusion experiments showed that the fusant of the mpkB mutant with wild type could undergo normal sexual development. However, heterokaryotic mycelia that were produced from a fusant between two mpkB deletion mutants could not form cleistothecia, although they did appear to form diploid nuclei. These results suggest that the MpkB MAP kinase is required for some post-karyogamy process as well as at the hyphal anastomosis stage to accomplish sexual development successfully.

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Molecular Diversity of Chrysoviruses in Korean Isolates of A New Fungal Species, Cryphonectria nitschkei: Jung-Mi Kim , Jung-Ae Kim , Jin-Ah Park , Seung-Moon Park , Byeong-Jin Cha , Moon-Sik Yang , Dae-Hyuk Kim; J. Microbiol. 2009;47(4):441-447. Published online September 9, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-009-0206-7

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Abstract PDF

Genetic diversity of the chrysovirus within the four fungal strains was analyzed by comparing the full- length sequences of cloned chrysoviral genes encoding the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and capsid protein (CP). Because the morphological characteristics of four chrysovirus-infected Cryphonectria spp. strains were different, strain identification was conducted via sequence comparison of the internal transcribed spacers (ITSs) of the fungal rRNA gene. Phylogenic analysis of the ITS regions revealed that the four strains were closely clustered with the reference strain of Cryphonectria nitschkei, while they were more distantly related to other common Cryphonectria species, indicating that they were likely C. nitschkei. Sequence comparison among chrysoviruses from Korean C. nitschkei strains revealed that similarities of the RdRp and CP genes ranged from 98% to 100% and from 95% to 100%, respectively, at the protein level. Their corresponding nucleotide sequences showed 97% to 100% and 84% to 100% identities, respectively. Compared to RdRp, the CP gene had more divergence, suggesting the presence of genes possessing different evolutionary rates within the chrysovirus genome. Sequence comparisons with other known chrysoviruses showed that the four Korean chrysoviruses were clustered together at the next lineage level. Discovering why two strains (bs131 and bs132) containing identical ITS sequences and chrysoviruses display different phenotypes should prove interesting.

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Ultrastructure of the Cell Wall of a Null Pigmentation Mutant, npgA1, in Aspergillus nidulans: Yun Shin Chung , § , Jung-Mi Kim , Dong-Min Han , Keon-Sang Chae , Kwang-Yeop Jahng; J. Microbiol. 2003;41(3):224-231.

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Abstract PDF: The null pigmentation mutant (npgA1) of Aspergillus nidulans was previously characterized by its production of no pigment at any stage of its life cycle, its reduction in hyphal branching, and its delay in the asexual spore development. The chemical composition of the cell wall was also altered in npgA1 mutants that became more sensitive to Novozyme 234_TM, which is possibly due to a structural defect in the cell wall. To investigate the effects of the cell wall structure on these pleiomorphic phenomena, we examined the ultrastructure of the cell wall in the npgA1 mutant (WX17). Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) showed that after being cultured for six days, the outermost layer of the conidial wall of WX17 peeled off. Although this phenotype suggested that the cell wall structure in WX17 may be modified, examination using TEM of the fine structure of cross-sectioned hyphal wall of WX17 did not show any differences from that of FGSC4. However, staining for carbohydrates of wall layers showed that the electron-translucent layer of the cell wall was missing in WX17. In addition, the outermost layer H1 of the hyphal wall was also absent in WX17. The ultrastructural observation and cytochemical analysis of cell walls suggested that the pigmentation defect in WX17 may be attributed to the lack of a layer in the cell wall.

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