Journal of Microbiology

Joong-Ki Kook

9 Articles

Development of Porphyromonas gingivalis-Specific Quantitative Real-Time PCR Primers Based on the Nucleotide Sequence of rpoB: Soon-Nang Park , Jae-Yoon Park , Joong-Ki Kook; J. Microbiol. 2011;49(2):315-319. Published online May 3, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-011-1028-y

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Species-specific quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) primers were developed for the detection of Porphyromonas gingivalis. These primers, Pg-F/Pg-R, were designed based on the nucleotide sequences of RNA polymerase β-subunit gene (rpoB). Species-specific amplicons were obtained from the tested P. gingivalis strains but not in any of the other strains (46 strains of 46 species). The qPCR primers could detect as little as 4 fg of P. gingivalis chromosomal DNA. These findings suggest that these qPCR primers are suitable for applications in epidemiological studies.

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Characteristics of the Salivary Microbiota in Periodontal Diseases and Potential Roles of Individual Bacterial Species To Predict the Severity of Periodontal Disease
Suk Ji, Joong-Ki Kook, Soon-Nang Park, Yun Kyong Lim, Geum Hee Choi, Jae-Suk Jung, Justin R. Kaspar, Leanne Cleaver, Jôice Corrêa
Microbiology Spectrum.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Host insulin resistance caused by Porphyromonas gingivalis-review of recent progresses
Shuxian Jia, Xiaobing Li, Qin Du
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Downregulation of protein and mRNA levels of vimentin in periodontitis – A potential biomarker candidate for periodontal severity?
Pratebha Balu, Vignesh Mariappan, Adithan Chandrasekaran, Kennedy Babu, Agieshkumar Balakrishna Pillai
Gene Reports.2021; 25: 101308. CrossRef
Oral Microbiota Identifies Patients in Early Onset Rheumatoid Arthritis
Anders Esberg, Linda Johansson, Ingegerd Johansson, Solbritt Rantapää Dahlqvist
Microorganisms.2021; 9(8): 1657. CrossRef
Candida albicans as an Essential “Keystone” Component within Polymicrobial Oral Biofilm Models?
Tracy Young, Om-Alkhir Alshanta, Ryan Kean, David Bradshaw, Jonathan Pratten, Craig Williams, Chris Woodall, Gordon Ramage, Jason L. Brown
Microorganisms.2020; 9(1): 59. CrossRef
Peptoniphilus mikwangii-specific quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction primers
Soon-Nang Park, Joong-Ki Kook
International Journal of Oral Biology.2019; 44(3): 96. CrossRef
Periodontal inflamed surface area as a novel numerical variable describing periodontal conditions
Shin-Young Park, Soyeon Ahn, Jung-Tae Lee, Pil-Young Yun, Yun Jong Lee, Joo Youn Lee, Yeong Wook Song, Yoon-Seok Chang, Hyo-Jung Lee
Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science.2017; 47(5): 328. CrossRef
Viable Compositional Analysis of an Eleven Species Oral Polymicrobial Biofilm
Leighann Sherry, Gillian Lappin, Lindsay E. O'Donnell, Emma Millhouse, Owain R. Millington, David J. Bradshaw, Alyson S. Axe, Craig Williams, Christopher J. Nile, Gordon Ramage
Frontiers in Microbiology.2016;[Epub] CrossRef
In Vitro Effect of Porphyromonas gingivalis Methionine Gamma Lyase on Biofilm Composition and Oral Inflammatory Response
Abish S. Stephen, Emma Millhouse, Leighann Sherry, Joseph Aduse-Opoku, Shauna Culshaw, Gordon Ramage, David J. Bradshaw, Gary R. Burnett, Robert P. Allaker, Jens Kreth
PLOS ONE.2016; 11(12): e0169157. CrossRef
Chronic Periodontitis Is Associated With Spinal Dysmobility in Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis
Eun Ha Kang, Jung Tae Lee, Hyo‐Jung Lee, Joo Youn Lee, Sung Hae Chang, Hyon Joung Cho, Byoong Yong Choi, You‐Jung Ha, Kyoung Un Park, Yeong Wook Song, Thomas E. Van Dyke, Yun Jong Lee
Journal of Periodontology.2015; 86(12): 1303. CrossRef
Development of species-specific quantitative real-time PCR primers for detecting anginosus group streptococci based on the rpoB
Soon-Nang Park, Yun Kyong Lim, Joong-Ki Kook
Archives of Microbiology.2014; 196(9): 661. CrossRef
Quantitative real‐time PCR combined with propidium monoazide for the selective quantification of viable periodontal pathogens in an in vitro subgingival biofilm model
M. C. Sánchez, M. J. Marín, E. Figuero, A. Llama‐Palacios, R. León, V. Blanc, D. Herrera, M. Sanz
Journal of Periodontal Research.2014; 49(1): 20. CrossRef
Reducing the bioactivity of Tannerella forsythia lipopolysaccharide by Porphyromonas gingivalis
Young-Jae Kim, Sung-Hoon Lee
Journal of Microbiology.2014; 52(8): 702. CrossRef
Development of Streptococcus gordonii‐specific quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction primers based on the nucleotide sequence of rpoB
Soon‐Nang Park, Joong‐Ki Kook
Microbiology and Immunology.2013; 57(8): 583. CrossRef
The Unique hmuY Gene Sequence as a Specific Marker of Porphyromonas gingivalis
Anna Gmiterek, Halina Wójtowicz, Paweł Mackiewicz, Małgorzata Radwan-Oczko, Małgorzata Kantorowicz, Maria Chomyszyn-Gajewska, Magdalena Frąszczak, Marcin Bielecki, Mariusz Olczak, Teresa Olczak, Igor Mokrousov
PLoS ONE.2013; 8(7): e67719. CrossRef
Development of quantitative real-time PCR primers for detecting 42 oral bacterial species
Soon-Nang Park, Yun Kyong Lim, Joong-Ki Kook
Archives of Microbiology.2013; 195(7): 473. CrossRef
Analysis of viable vs. dead Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis using selective quantitative real‐time PCR with propidium monoazide
M. C. Sánchez, M. J. Marín, E. Figuero, A. Llama‐Palacios, D. Herrera, M. Sanz
Journal of Periodontal Research.2013; 48(2): 213. CrossRef

Bacterial Model System for Screening and Determining Optimal Concentration of Anti-caries Natural Extracts: Min Jung Kim , Chun Sung Kim , Jae-Yoon Park , Soon-Nang Park , So Young Yoo , Sook-Young Lee , Joong-Ki Kook; J. Microbiol. 2011;49(1):165-168. Published online March 3, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-011-1018-0

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Abstract PDF

In general, an antimicrobial test for screening anti-caries natural extracts was performed by measuring the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against the type strains of mutans streptococci. However, it is unclear if the antimicrobial efficiency of natural extracts on the type strains of mutans streptococci is the same on the clinical strains. In this study, we introduced a bacterial model system for the screening of anti-caries and determining the optimal concentration of them to develop oral hygiene products for Korean populations.

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Antimicrobial activity of Garcinia mangostana L. ethanol extract against Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus
Yun Kyong Lim, So Young Yoo, Soon-Nang Park, Dae Sung Lee, Joong-Ki Kook
International Journal of Oral Biology.2019; 44(3): 101. CrossRef
In vitro Antimicrobial Activities of 1-Methoxyficifolinol, Licorisoflavan A, and 6,8-Diprenylgenistein against Streptococcus mutans
Sug-Joon Ahn, Soon-Nang Park, Young Ju Lee, Eun-Jung Cho, Yun Kyong Lim, Xue Min Li, Mi-Hwa Choi, Young-Woo Seo, Joong-Ki Kook
Caries Research.2015; 49(1): 78. CrossRef
Determination of optimal concentration of deglycyrrhizinated licorice root extract for preventing dental caries using a bacterial model system
Sug-Joon Ahn, Young-Doo Song, Su-Jung Mah, Eun-Jung Cho, Joong-Ki Kook
Journal of Dental Sciences.2014; 9(3): 214. CrossRef
Antimicrobial effect of linalool and α-terpineol against periodontopathic and cariogenic bacteria
Soon-Nang Park, Yun Kyong Lim, Marcelo Oliveira Freire, Eugene Cho, Dongchun Jin, Joong-Ki Kook
Anaerobe.2012; 18(3): 369. CrossRef

Antimicrobial Effect of Korean Propolis Against the Mutans Streptococci Isolated from Korean: Min Jung Kim , Chun Sung Kim , Byung-Hoon Kim , Sang-Bok Ro , Yun Kyong Lim , Soon-Nang Park , Engene Cho , Jang-Hyuk Ko , Soon-Sung Kwon , Yeong-Mu Ko , Joong-Ki Kook; J. Microbiol. 2011;49(1):161-164. Published online March 3, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-011-1002-8

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The aim of this study was to determine the optimal concentration of Korean propolis against clinical isolates of mutans streptococci (MS) from Koreans. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and time-kill curves against mutans streptococci. The MIC90 values of propolis for MS were 35 μg/ml. Propolis had a bacteriostatic effect on Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175T and bactericidal effects on Streptococcus sobrinus ATCC 33478T at > 2×MIC (70 μg/ml). These results suggest that the propolis can be used in the development of oral hygiene products for the prevention of dental caries.

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Chemical composition, antimicrobial activities, and molecular docking studies of Turkish propolis ethanol extract
Gokben Ozbey, Mustafa Necati Muz, Elif Seren Tanriverdi, Sultan Erkan, Niyazi Bulut, Baris Otlu, František Zigo
Czech Journal of Food Sciences.2023; 41(2): 144. CrossRef
Use of Plant Extracts, Bee-Derived Products, and Probiotic-Related Applications to Fight Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens in the Post-Antibiotic Era
António Machado, Lizbeth Zamora-Mendoza, Frank Alexis, José Miguel Álvarez-Suarez
Future Pharmacology.2023; 3(3): 535. CrossRef
Propolis as Natural Product in the Oral Cavity Bacterial Infections Treatment: A Systematic Review
Michał Otręba, Łukasz Marek, Natalia Tyczyńska, Jerzy Stojko, Anna Kurek-Górecka, Michał Górecki, Paweł Olczyk, Anna Rzepecka-Stojko
Applied Sciences.2022; 12(19): 10123. CrossRef
Towards Advances in Medicinal Plant Antimicrobial Activity: A Review Study on Challenges and Future Perspectives
Natalia Vaou, Elisavet Stavropoulou, Chrysa Voidarou, Christina Tsigalou, Eugenia Bezirtzoglou
Microorganisms.2021; 9(10): 2041. CrossRef
Antimicrobial activity of a novel Spanish propolis against planktonic and sessile oral Streptococcus spp
M. Luisa Navarro-Pérez, Virginia Vadillo-Rodríguez, Irene Fernández-Babiano, Ciro Pérez-Giraldo, M. Coronada Fernández-Calderón
Scientific Reports.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Antifungal and Antibacterial Effect of Propolis: A Comparative Hit for Food-Borne Pseudomonas, Enterobacteriaceae and Fungi
Leonardo Petruzzi, Maria Rosaria Corbo, Daniela Campaniello, Barbara Speranza, Milena Sinigaglia, Antonio Bevilacqua
Foods.2020; 9(5): 559. CrossRef
The beneficial effect of Indonesian propolis wax from Tetragonula sp. as a therapy in limited vaginal candidiasis patients
Siti Farida, Muhamad Sahlan, Etin Rohmatin, Robiatul Adawiyah
Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences.2020; 27(1): 142. CrossRef
Effectiveness of chitosan-propolis nanoparticle against Enterococcus faecalis biofilms in the root canal
Abhishek Parolia, Haresh Kumar, Srinivasan Ramamurthy, Fabian Davamani, Allan Pau
BMC Oral Health.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Antibacterial Properties of Propolis
Izabela Przybyłek, Tomasz M. Karpiński
Molecules.2019; 24(11): 2047. CrossRef
Antimicrobial Effect of Polyphenon 60 against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus
Tae-Young Park, Yun Kyong Lim, Joong-Ki Kook
International Journal of Oral Biology.2018; 43(3): 123. CrossRef
Effect of Brazilian green propolis on oral pathogens and human periodontal fibroblasts
Hirotake Oda, Taneaki Nakagawa, Kosuke Maruyama, Yuzuru Dono, Hiroaki Katsuragi, Soh Sato
Journal of Oral Biosciences.2016; 58(2): 50. CrossRef
Effects of fluoride and Aloe vera tooh gel in artificial white spot lesions in vitro
Tânia Mara da SILVA, Beatriz Maria da FONSECA, Ana Luísa Leme Simões SALES, Priscila HOLLEBEN, Márcia Carneiro VALERA, Maria Amélia Máximo de ARAÚJO
RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia.2016; 64(1): 56. CrossRef
The in Vitro Antimicrobial Efficacy of Propolis against Four Oral Pathogens: A Review
Nadine Waldner-Tomic, Rosmarie Vanni, Georgios Belibasakis, Thomas Thurnheer, Thomas Attin, Patrick Schmidlin
Dentistry Journal.2014; 2(3): 85. CrossRef
Determination of optimal concentration of deglycyrrhizinated licorice root extract for preventing dental caries using a bacterial model system
Sug-Joon Ahn, Young-Doo Song, Su-Jung Mah, Eun-Jung Cho, Joong-Ki Kook
Journal of Dental Sciences.2014; 9(3): 214. CrossRef
Antimicrobial Effect of Honey on Streptococcus Mutans of Dental Plaque
NR Yadav, BK Garla, VK Reddy, S Tandon, S Prasad
Journal of Oral Health and Community Dentistry.2014; 8(2): 72. CrossRef
Antioxidant action of propolis on mouse lungs exposed to short-term cigarette smoke
Alan Aguiar Lopes, Thiago Santos Ferreira, Renata Tiscoski Nesi, Manuella Lanzetti, Karla Maria Pereira Pires, Ari Miranda Silva, Ricardo Moreira Borges, Antonio Jorge Ribeiro Silva, Samuel Santos Valença, Luís Cristóvão Porto
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry.2013; 21(24): 7570. CrossRef
Antibacterial substances from Albizia myriophylla wood against cariogenic Streptococcus mutans
Nantiya Joycharat, Sonesay Thammavong, Surasak Limsuwan, Sirilux Homlaead, Supayang Piyawan Voravuthikunchai, Boon-ek Yingyongnarongkul, Sukanya Dej-adisai, Sanan Subhadhirasakul
Archives of Pharmacal Research.2013; 36(6): 723. CrossRef
Recent Progress of Propolis for Its Biological and Chemical Compositions and Its Botanical Origin
Viviane Cristina Toreti, Helia Harumi Sato, Glaucia Maria Pastore, Yong Kun Park
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine.2013; 2013: 1. CrossRef
The Antibacterial Effect of Ethanol Extract of Polish Propolis on Mutans Streptococci and Lactobacilli Isolated from Saliva
Arkadiusz Dziedzic, Robert Kubina, Robert D. Wojtyczka, Agata Kabała-Dzik, Marta Tanasiewicz, Tadeusz Morawiec
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine.2013; 2013: 1. CrossRef
Antimicrobial Effect of Carvacrol against Cariogenic and Periodontopathic Bacteria
Soon-Nang Park, Dong-Kyun Lee, Yun-Kyong Lim, Hwa-Sook Kim, Eu-Gene Cho, Dongchun Jin, Saeng-Gon Kim, Joong-Ki Kook
The Korean Journal of Microbiology.2012; 48(1): 52. CrossRef
Plant-Derived Antimicrobial Compounds: Alternatives to Antibiotics
Dianella Savoia
Future Microbiology.2012; 7(8): 979. CrossRef
Antimicrobial effect of linalool and α-terpineol against periodontopathic and cariogenic bacteria
Soon-Nang Park, Yun Kyong Lim, Marcelo Oliveira Freire, Eugene Cho, Dongchun Jin, Joong-Ki Kook
Anaerobe.2012; 18(3): 369. CrossRef

Isolation and Characterization of the Mutans Streptococci from the Dental Plaques in Koreans: So Young Yoo , Seon Joo Park , Dong Ki Jeong , Kwang-Won Kim , Sung-Hoon Lim , Sang-Ho Lee , Son-Jin Choe , Young-Hyo Chang , Insoon Park , Joong-Ki Kook; J. Microbiol. 2007;45(3):246-255.; DOI: https://doi.org/2535 [pii]

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Abstract PDF: Mutans streptococci have been implicated as cariogenic bacteria in dental caries because they can produce high levels of dental caries-causing lactic acid and extracellular polysaccharide. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize the mutans streptococci from the dental plaque obtained from Koreans. The dental plaque samples were collected from the anterior and molar teeth of both jaws in 155 subjects (aged 2 to 33.2 years, average age 13.7±4.7 years). The samples were diluted by 100-fold in 1x PBS and plated on mitis-salivarius bacitracin (MSB) agar plates. The mutans streptococci grown on MSB plates were screened by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) targeting dextranase gene (dex). The mutans streptococci were identified at the species level using a 16S rDNA sequencing comparison method. The biochemical tests were carried out to biotype the mutans streptococci. Ninety-five strains of the mutans streptococci out of 358 colonies, which were derived from 141 subjects, were isolated. Of them, 77 strains and 18 strains were Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus, respectively. The biotyping data showed that 62, 1, 20, 10, and 2 strains were biotypes I, II, IV, V and variant, respectively. Of the two strains of variant biotype, one strains was similar to biotype IV except that it was positive to the arginine hydrolysis test. We considered this one strain a new biotype, and classified it as biotype VII. In conclusion, S. mutans and its biotype I was most frequently isolated in Korean dental plaque. The mutans streptococci strains isolated in this study might be useful for the study of the pathogenesis and the prevention of dental caries.

Development of Strain-specific PCR Primers Based on a DNA Probe Fu12 for the Identification of Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum ATCC 25586^T: Hwa-Sook Kim , Soo Keun Song , So Young Yoo , Dong Chun Jin , Hwan Seon Shin , Chae Kwang Lim , Myung-Soo Kim , Jin-Soo Kim , Son-Jin Choe , Joong-Ki Kook; J. Microbiol. 2005;43(4):331-336.; DOI: https://doi.org/2257 [pii]

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Abstract PDF: The objective of this study was to assess the strain-specificity of a DNA probe, Fu12, for Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum ATCC 25586^T (F. nucleatum ATCC 25586^T), and to develop sets of strain-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers. Strain-specificity was tested against 16 strains of F. nucleatum and 3 strains of distinct Fusobacterium species. Southern blot hybridization revealed that the Fu12 reacted exclusively with the HindIII-digested genomic DNA of F. nucleatum ATCC 25586^T. The results of PCR revealed that three pairs of PCR primers, based on the nucleotide sequence of Fu12, generated the strain-specific amplicons from F. nucleatum ATCC 25586^T. These results suggest that the DNA probe Fu12 and the three pairs of PCR primers could be useful in the identification of F. nucleatum ATCC 25586^T, especially with regard to the determination of the authenticity of the strain.

Prevalence of Putative Periodontopathogens in Subgingival Dental Plaques from Gingivitis Lesions in Korean Orthodontic Patients: Seung Mi Lee , So Young Yoo , Hwa-Sook Kim , Kwang-Won Kim , Young-Joo Yoon , Sung-Hoon Lim , Hee-Young Shin , Joong-Ki Kook; J. Microbiol. 2005;43(3):260-265.; DOI: https://doi.org/2215 [pii]

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Abstract PDF: The objective of this study was to detect and compare the presence of periodontopathogens in the subgingival plaques of gingivitis lesions in adults who wore fixed orthodontic appliances, as opposed to adults who did not wear any orthodontic appliances. Thirty-six individuals participated in this study. Ninteen of these subjects did not wear any orthodontic appliances, and these subjects comprised the control group. The other 17 individuals had been wearing fixed orthodontic appliances for at least 3 months each. After a periodontal examination, we collected subgingival plaque samples from the gingivitis lesions of each patient. Using PCR based on 16S rDNA, we detected the presence of 6 putative periodontopathogenic species, Treponema denticola, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia (formerly Bacteroides forsythus), Prevotella nigrescens, Prevotella intermedia, and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. With regard to the presence of individual periodontopathogens, we found that T. forsythia, T. denticola, and P. nigrescens were significantly more common in the samples obtained from the orthodontic patients than in the samples obtained from the non-orthodontic patient controls. Our results indicate that the local changes associated with the wearing of fixed orthodontic appliances may affect the prevalence of periodontopathogens in subgingival dental plaques.

Identification of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Using Species-Specific 16S rDNA Primers: Su-Gwan Kim , Soo-Heung Kim , Mi-Kwang Kim , Hwa-Sook Kim , Joong-Ki Kook; J. Microbiol. 2005;43(2):209-212.; DOI: https://doi.org/2159 [pii]

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Abstract PDF: The purpose of this study was to develop species-specific PCR primers for use in the identification and detection of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. These primers target variable regions of the 16S ribosomal RNA coding gene (rDNA). We assessed the specificity of the primers against 9 A. actinomycetemcomitans strains and 11 strains (3 species) of the Haemophilus genus. Primer sensitivity was determined by testing serial dilutions of the purified genomic DNAs of A. actinomycetemcomitans ATCC 33384^T. Our obtained data revealed that we had obtained species-specific amplicons for all of the tested A. actinomycetemcomitans strains, and that none of these amplicons occurred in any of the other species. Our PCR protocol proved able to detect as little as 4 fg of A. actinomycetemcomitans chromosomal DNA. Our findings suggest that these PCR primers are incredibly sensitive, and should prove suitable for application in epidemiological studies, as well as the diagnosis and monitoring of periodontal pathogens after treatment for periodontitis.

Identification of Non-mutans Streptococci Organisms in Dental Plaques Recovering on Mitis-Salivarius Bacitracin Agar Medium: So Young Yoo , Pyung Sik Kim , Ho-Keel Hwang , Seong-Hoon Lim , Kwang-Won Kim , Son-Jin Choe , Byung-Moo Min , Joong-Ki Kook; J. Microbiol. 2005;43(2):204-208.; DOI: https://doi.org/2160 [pii]

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Abstract PDF: The objective of this study was to both isolate and identify non-mutans streptococci organisms (non-MSO) from dental plaques recovered on mitis-salivarius sucrose bacitracin agar (MSB) plates. The dental plaque samples, which had been collected from 63 human subjects, were diluted and plated on MSB. The bacteria growing on the MSB plates were then identified with biochemical tests, as well as with 16S rDNA cloning and sequencing techniques. Our data indicated that bacteria from 30 subjects had been recovered on the MSB plates. Among the 21 typical colonies selected from the 30 subjects, 12 colonies, derived from 10 subjects, were identified as non-MSO. These 12 colonies were determined to be Streptococcus anginosus (8 colonies), S. sanguinis (1 colony), and Pantoea agglomerans (3 colonies). These results strongly suggest that a new selective medium will be required for the reliable isolation of mutans streptococci.

Detection of Hepatitis B Virus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Korean Dental Patients: Sun-A Lee , So Young Yoo , Kee-Sung Kay , Joong-Ki Kook; J. Microbiol. 2004;42(3):239-242.; DOI: https://doi.org/2082 [pii]

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Abstract PDF: This study examined the detection rate of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in serum and saliva samples, respectively, from 120 dental patients who were unaware if they have or had either hepatitis or tuberculosis. The frequencies of HBsAg and anti-HBs were determined using an immunochromatic assay. Mtb positivity was determined by the PCR method. Of the 120 patients, 7 (5.8%) were HBV positive and 30 (25.0%) were Mtb positive. This highlights the fact that dental health care workers (DHCWs) can be exposed to the risk of infection from blood- or saliva-borne pathogens as a consequence of their work. Therefore, it is very important to prevent cross infection between patients and dental personnel. Accordingly, laboratory tests prior to surgical treatment are needed to determine the infectious state of dental patients in order to prevent the transmission of infectious diseases in dental clinics.

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