- Emergence of Vancomycin-Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus from Predominant Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus Clones in a Korean Hospital
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Hwa Yun Cha , Hyun Ok Kim , Jong Sook Jin , Je Chul Lee
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J. Microbiol. 2010;48(4):533-535. Published online August 20, 2010
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-010-0062-5
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The genetic and epidemiological features of four vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) isolates obtained from a Korean hospital were evaluated in this study. The VISA isolates were genotyped as sequence type (ST) 5-staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) II variant (n=2) and ST239- SCCmec III (n=2), which were derived from the predominant methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) clones in Korean hospitals. One VISA isolate was acquired during vancomycin treatment, whereas three VISA isolates were obtained from the patients who had not previously been exposed to glycopeptides. As VISA is likely to arise from the predominant MRSA clones and may then possibly spread between patients, the emergence of VISA should be monitored with great care in hospitals.
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- Phenotypic and Genotypic Differences of the Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium Isolates from Humans and Poultry in Korea
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Jae Young Oh , Seunghun An , Jong Sook Jin , You Chul Lee , Dong Teak Cho , Je Chul Lee
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J. Microbiol. 2007;45(5):466-472.
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DOI: https://doi.org/2588 [pii]
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A total of 98 vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREF) isolates (58 isolates from patients and 40 isolates from poultry) were compared based on their antimicrobial susceptibility, Tn1546 element organization, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns. This comparison aided in determining the relationships between the groups of isolates. All the VREF isolates harbored the vanA gene; however, 29 (29.6%) of the isolates exhibited the VanB phenotype-vanA genotype. Furthermore, the VREF isolates from humans and poultry exhibited distinct antimicrobial resistance patterns. The PCR mapping of the Tn1546 elements exhibited 12 different transposon types (A to L). The VREF isolates of poultry were classified into types A to D, whereas the human isolates were classified into types E to L. A PFGE analysis demonstrated a high degree of clonal heterogeneity in both groups of isolates; however, the distinct VREF clones appeared in each group of isolates. The deletion of the vanX-vanY genes or insertion of IS1216V in the intergenic region from the vanX-vanY genes is directly associated with the incongruence of the VanB phenotype-vanA genotype in human VREF isolates. These data suggest that the VREF isolates exhibit distinct phenotypic and genotypic traits according to their origins, which suggests that no evidence exists to substantiate the clonal spread or transfer of vancomycin resistance determinants between humans and poultry.
- A Comparison of Adult and Pediatric Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Collected from Patients at a University Hospital in Korea
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Jin Yeol Park , Jong Sook Jin , Hee Young Kang , Eun Hee Jeong , Je Chul Lee , Yoo Chul Lee , Sung Yong Seol , Dong Taek Cho , Jungmin Kim
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J. Microbiol. 2007;45(5):447-452.
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DOI: https://doi.org/2591 [pii]
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In this study, we compared the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of 138 MRSA isolates obtained from adult and pediatric patients (adult, 50; children, 88). The resistance rates against gentamicin, clindamycin, and ciprofloxacin were much higher in the adult MRSA isolates than in the pediatric MRSA isolates. The ermC gene, which is responsible for inducible clindamycin resistance, was detected in 52(59.1%) of the 88 pediatric MRSA isolates but in only 5(10.0%) of the 50 adult MRSA isolates. MRSA isolates of clonal type ST5 with an integration of SCCmec type II/II variants was the most predominant clone among the adult isolates, while clonal type ST72 with an integration of SCCmec IV/IVA was the most predominant clone among the pediatric MRSA isolates. Staphylococcal enterotoxin A and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 were prevalent among the adult MRSA isolates but not among the pediatric MRSA isolates. The results of this study demonstrated remarkable differences between adult and pediatric MRSA isolates in terms of their antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, SCCmec type, multilocus sequence type, staphylococcal toxin genes, and erythromycin resistance genes.
- Molecular Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates Resistant to All Antimicrobial Agents, but Susceptible to Colistin, in Daegu, Korea
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Yoo Chul Lee , Byung Jun Ahn , Jong Sook Jin , Jung Uk Kim , Sang Hwa Lee , Do Young Song , Won Kil Lee , Je Chul Lee
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J. Microbiol. 2007;45(4):358-363.
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DOI: https://doi.org/2560 [pii]
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Multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been implicated in a variety of serious therapeutic problems in clinical environments. Among the 968 P. aeruginosa isolates obtained from two hospitals in Daegu, Korea, we acquired 17 isolates that were resistant to all available tested antimicrobial agents, with the exception of colistin (colistin-only sensitive). We characterized the antimicrobial susceptibilities, metallo-β-lactamases, and epidemiological relatedness among the colistin-only sensitive P. aeruginosa isolates. All colistin-only sensitive isolates were positive in the modified Hodge test and imipenem-EDTA synergy test, thereby indicating the production of metallo-β-lactamases. 11 isolates from the secondary hospital and six isolates from the tertiary teaching hospital harbored blaVIM-2 and blaIMP-1, respectively. The pulsed-field gel electrophoretic analysis of the SpeI-digested DNA from P. aeruginosa isolates indicated that two different clones of colistin-only sensitive P. aeruginosa originated from each hospital, and had spread within the hospital environment. Overall, colistin-only sensitive P. aeruginosa was detected in Korea for the first time, but no pan-drug resistant bacteria were identified. Nationwide surveillance is required in order to monitor the emergence of colistin-only sensitive or pan-drug resistant bacteria.
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