Journal of Microbiology

Jonathan Nimal Selvaraj

2 Articles

Isolation and characterization of Aspergillus flavus strains in China: Firew Tafesse Mamo , Bo Shang , Jonathan Nimal Selvaraj , Yan Wang , Yang Liu; J. Microbiol. 2018;56(2):119-127. Published online February 2, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-018-7144-1

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Important staple foods (peanuts, maize and rice) are susceptible to contamination by aflatoxin (AF)-producing fungi such as Aspergillus flavus. The objective of this study was to explore non-aflatoxin-producing (atoxigenic) A. flavus strains as biocontrol agents for the control of AFs. In the current study, a total of 724 A. flavus strains were isolated from different regions of China. Polyphasic approaches were utilized for species identification. Non-aflatoxin and non-cyclopiazonic acid (CPA)-producing strains were further screened for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) biosynthesis pathway gene clusters using a PCR assay. Strains lacking an amplicon for the regulatory gene aflR were then analyzed for the presence of the other 28 biosynthetic genes. Only 229 (32%) of the A. flavus strains were found to be atoxigenic. Smaller (S) sclerotial phenotypes were dominant (51%) compared to large (L, 34%) and non-sclerotial (NS, 15%) phenotypes. Among the atoxigenic strains, 24 strains were PCR-negative for the fas-1 and aflJ genes. Sixteen (67%) atoxigenic A. flavus strains were PCRnegative for 10 or more of the biosynthetic genes. Altogether, 18 new PCR product patterns were observed, indicating great diversity in the AFB1 biosynthesis pathway. The current study demonstrates that many atoxigenic A. flavus strains can be isolated from different regions of China. In the future laboratory as well as field based studies are recommended to test these atoxigenic strains as biocontrol agents for aflatoxin contamination.

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Biocontrol efficacy of atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus strains against aflatoxin contamination in peanut field in Guangdong province, South China
Firew Tafesse Mamo, Bo Shang, Jonathan Nimal Selvaraj, Yongquan Zheng, Yang Liu
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Distribution of Aspergillus Fungi and Recent Aflatoxin Reports, Health Risks, and Advances in Developments of Biological Mitigation Strategies in China
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Molecular Characterization of Atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus Isolates Collected in China: Dandan Wei , Lu Zhou , Jonathan Nimal Selvaraj , Chushu Zhang , Fuguo Xing , Yueju Zhao , Yan Wang , Yang Liu; J. Microbiol. 2014;52(7):559-565. Published online May 30, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-014-3629-8

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Abstract PDF

Aspergillus flavus strains were isolated from peanut fields of Liaoning, Shandong, Hubei and Guangdong Provinces in China, and identified through phenotypic and molecular approaches. Of the 323 A. flavus strains isolated, 76 strains did not produce aflatoxins detectable by UPLC. The incidence of atoxigenic A. flavus strains decreased with increase in temperature and increased with increase in latitude in different geographical locations. Amplification of all the aflatoxin genes in the aflatoxin gene cluster in the atoxigenic isolates showed that there were 25 deletion patterns (A-Y), with 22 deletion patterns identified for the first time. Most of the atoxigenic A. flavus isolates with gene deletions (97%) had deletions in at least one of the four genes (aflT, nor-1, aflR, and hypB), indicating that these four genes could be targeted for rapid identification of atoxigenic strains. The atoxigenic isolates with gene deletions, especially the isolates with large deletions, are potential candidates for aflatoxin control.

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Biocontrol efficacy of atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus strains against aflatoxin contamination in peanut field in Guangdong province, South China
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Isolation and characterization of Aspergillus flavus strains in China
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