- Effects of diet type, developmental stage, and gut compartment in the gut bacterial communities of two Cerambycidae species (Coleoptera)
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Jeong Myeong Kim , Min-Young Choi , Jae-Woo Kim , Shin Ae Lee , Jae-Hyung Ahn , Jaekyeong Song , Seong-Hyun Kim , Hang-Yeon Weon
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J. Microbiol. 2017;55(1):21-30. Published online December 30, 2016
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-017-6561-x
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Abstract
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The gut bacterial community of wood-feeding beetles has
been examined for its role on plant digestion and biocontrol
method development. Monochamus alternatus and Psacothea
hilaris, both belonging to the subfamily Lamiinae, are woodfeeding
beetles found in eastern Asia and Europe and generally
considered as destructive pests for pine and mulberry
trees, respectively. However, limited reports exist on the gut
bacterial communities in these species. Here, we characterized
gut bacterial community compositions in larva and imago of
each insect species reared with host tree logs and artificial
diets as food sources. High-throughput 454 pyrosequencing
of bacterial 16S rRNA gene revealed 225 operational taxonomic
units (OTUs) based on a 97% sequences similarity cutoff
from 138,279 sequence reads, the majority of which were
derived from Proteobacteria (48.2%), Firmicutes (45.5%), and
Actinobacteria (5.2%). The OTU network analysis revealed
7 modules with densely connected OTUs in specific gut samples,
in which the distributions of Lactococcus-, Kluyvera-,
Serratia-, and Enterococcus-related OTUs were distinct between
diet types or developmental stages of the host insects.
The gut bacterial communities were separated on a detrended
correspondence analysis (DCA) plot and by c-means fuzzy
clustering analysis, according to diet type. The results from
this study suggest that diet was the main determinant for gut
bacterial community composition in the two beetles.
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- Characterization of β-Ketoadipate Pathway from Multi-Drug Resistance Bacterium, Acinetobacter baumannii DU202 by Proteomic Approach
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Sonn-Ho Park , Jae-Woo Kim , Sung-Ho Yun , Sun Hee Leem , Hyung-Yeel Kahng , Seung Il Kim
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J. Microbiol. 2006;44(6):632-640.
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DOI: https://doi.org/2464 [pii]
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Abstract
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In this study, the biodegradative activities of monocyclic aromatic compounds were determined from the multi-drug resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii, which were studied in the form of clinical isolates from a hospital in Korea. These bacteria were capable of biodegrading monocyclic aromatic compounds, such as benzoate and p-hydroxybenzoate. In order to determine which pathways are available for biodegradation in these stains, we conducted proteome analyses of benzoate and p-hydroxybenzoate-cultured A. baumannii DU202, using 2-DE/MS analysis. As genome DB of A. baumannii was not yet available, MS/MS analysis or de novo sequencing methods were employed in the identification of induced proteins. Benzoate branch enzymes [catechol 1,2-dioxygenase (CatA) and benzoate dioxygenase α subunit (BenA)] of the β-ketoadipate pathway were identified under benzoate culture condition and p-hydroxybenzoate branch enzymes [protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase α subunit (PcaG) and 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate cycloisomerase (PcaB)] of the β-ketoadipate pathway were identified under p-hydroxybenzoate culture condition, respectively, thereby suggesting that strain DU202 utilized the β-ketoadipate pathway for the biodegradation of monocyclic aromatic compounds. The sequence analysis of two purified dioxygenases (CatA and PcaGH) indicated that CatA is closely associated with the CatA of Acinetobacter radiresistance, but PcaGH is only moderately associated with the PcaGH of Acinetobacter sp. ADP1. Interestingly, the fused form of PcaD and PcaC, carboxymuconolactone decarboxylase (PcaCD), was detected on benzoate-cultured A. baumannii DU202. These results indicate that A. baumannii DU202 exploits a different β-ketoadipate pathway from other Acinetobacter species.
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