Journal of Microbiology

Hong-Joo Son

2 Articles

Effects of mycosubtilin homolog algicides from a marine bacterium, Bacillus sp. SY-1, against the harmful algal bloom species Cochlodinium polykrikoides: Seong-Yun Jeong , Hong-Joo Son; J. Microbiol. 2021;59(4):389-400. Published online March 29, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-1086-8

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The marine bacterium, Bacillus sp. SY-1, produced algicidal compounds that are notably active against the bloom-forming alga Cochlodinium polykrikoides. We isolated three algicidal compounds and identified these as mycosubtilins with molecular weights of 1056, 1070, and 1084 (designated MS 1056, 1070, and 1084, respectively), based on amino acid analyses and 1H, 13C, and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, including 1H-15N heteronuclear multiple bond correlation analysis. MS 1056 contains a β- amino acid residue with an alkyl side chain of C15, which has not previously been seen in known mycosubtilin families. MS 1056, 1070, and 1084 showed algicidal activities against C. polykrikoides with 6-h LC50 values of 2.3 ± 0.4, 0.8 ± 0.2, and 0.6 ± 0.1 μg/ml, respectively. These compounds also showed significant algicidal activities against other harmful algal bloom species. In contrast, MS 1084 showed no significant growth inhibitory effects against other organisms, including bacteria and microalgae, although does inhibit the growth of some fungi and yeasts. These observations imply that the algicidal bacterium Bacillus sp. SY-1 and its algicidal compounds could play an important role in regulating the onset and development of harmful algal blooms in natural environments.

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Isolation of an algicide from a marine bacterium and its effects against the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella and other harmful algal bloom species: Yun Sook Kim , Hong-Joo Son , Seong-Yun Jeong; J. Microbiol. 2015;53(8):511-517. Published online July 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-5303-1

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The aim of this study was to isolate and identify bacteria demonstrating an algicidal effect against Alexandrium catenella and to determine the activity and range of any algicide discovered. The morphological and biochemical attributes of an algicidal bacterium, isolate YS-3, and analysis of its 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed it to be a member of the genus Brachybacterium. This organism, designated Brachybacterium sp. YS-3, showed the greatest effect against A. catenella cells of all bacteria isolated, and is assumed to produce secondary metabolites. When 10% solutions of culture filtrates from this strain were applied to A. catenella cultures, over 90% of cells were killed within 9 h. Bioassay-guided isolation of the algicide involved led to the purification and identification of an active compound. Based on physicochemical and spectroscopic data, including nuclear magnetic resonance and mass analyses, this compound was identified as 1-acetyl-β-carboline. This algicide showed significant activity against A. catenella and a wide range of harmful algal bloom (HAB)-forming species. Taken together, our results suggest that Brachybacterium sp. YS-3 and its algicide represent promising candidates for use in HAB control.

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