- Biocatalytic Properties and Substrate-binding Ability of a Modular GH10 β-1,4-Xylanase from an Insect-symbiotic Bacterium, Streptomyces mexicanus HY-14
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Do Young Kim , Dong-Ha Shin , Sora Jung , Jong Suk Lee , Han-Young Cho , Kyung Sook Bae , Chang-Keun Sung , Young Ha Rhee , Kwang-Hee Son , Ho-Yong Park
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J. Microbiol. 2014;52(10):863-870. Published online October 1, 2014
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-014-4390-8
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The gene (1350-bp) encoding a modular β-1,4-xylanase (XylU),
which consists of an N-terminal catalytic GH10 domain and
a C-terminal carbohydrate-binding module 2 (CBM 2), from
Streptomyces mexicanus HY-14 was cloned and functionally
characterized. The purified His-tagged recombinant enzyme
(rXylU, 44.0 kDa) was capable of efficiently hydrolyze diverse
xylosidic compounds, p-nitrophenyl-cellobioside, and pnitrophenyl-
xylopyranoside when incubated at pH 5.5 and
65°C. Especially, the specific activities (649.8 U/mg and 587.0
U/mg, respectively) of rXylU toward oat spelts xylan and
beechwood xylan were relatively higher than those (<500.0
U/mg) of many other GH10 homologs toward the same
substrates. The results of enzymatic degradation of birchwood
xylan and xylooligosaccharides (xylotriose to xylohexaose)
revealed that rXylU preferentially hydrolyzed the
substrates to xylobiose (>75%) as the primary degradation
product. Moreover, a small amount (4%<) of xylose was detected
as the degradation product of the evaluated xylosidic
substrates, indicating that rXylU was a peculiar GH10 β-1,4-
xylanase with substrate specificity, which was different from
its retaining homologs. A significant reduction of the binding
ability of rXylU caused by deletion of the C-terminal CBM
2 to various insoluble substrates strongly suggested that the
additional domain might considerably contribute to the
enzyme-substrate interaction.
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- Biosynthesis of Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-co-3-Hydroxyvalerate) Copolyesters with a High Molar Fraction of 3-Hydroxyvalerate by an Insect-Symbiotic Burkholderia sp. IS-01
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Do Young Kim , Doo-Sang Park , Soon Bum Kwon , Moon Gyu Chung , Kyung Sook Bae , Ho-Yong Park , Young Ha Rhee
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J. Microbiol. 2009;47(5):651-656. Published online October 24, 2009
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-009-0109-7
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Burkholderia sp. IS-01 capable of biosynthesizing poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [poly(3HB- co-3HV)] copolyesters with a high molar fraction of 3HV was isolated from the gut of the adult longicorn beetle, Moechotypa diphysis. The strain IS-01 was relatively tolerant to high concentrations of levulinic acid and accumulated a poly(13.5 mol% 3HB-co-86.5 mol% 3HV) copolyester when cultivated on a mixture of gluconate (20 g/L) and levulinic acid (12.5 g/L). In this case, the content of the copolyester in the cells was approximately 60.0%. The compositions of the copolyesters were easily regulated by altering the molar ratio of gluconate and levulinic acid in the medium. The organism was found to possess a class I PHA synthase (PhaC) gene (1,881 bp) that encodes a protein with a deduced molecular mass of 68,538 Da that consists of 626 amino acids. The PhaC of this organism was most similar to that of B. cenocepacia PC184 (92% similarity).
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- A Culture-Based Study of the Bacterial Communities within the Guts of Nine Longicorn Beetle Species and their Exo-enzyme Producing Properties for Degrading Xylan and Pectin
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Doo-Sang Park , Hyun-Woo Oh , Won-Jin Jeong , Hyangmi Kim , Ho-Yong Park , Kyung Sook Bae
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J. Microbiol. 2007;45(5):394-401.
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DOI: https://doi.org/2598 [pii]
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Abstract
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In this study, bacterial communities within the guts of several longicorn beetles were investigated by a culture-dependent method. A total of 142 bacterial strains were isolated from nine species of longicorn beetle, including adults and larvae. A comparison of their partial 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that most of the bacteria constituting the gut communities can typically be found in soil, plants and the intestines of animals, and approximately 10% were proposed as unreported. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the bacterial species comprised 7 phyla, and approximately half were Gammaproteobacteria. Actinobacteria were the second most populous group (19%), followed by Firmicutes (13%) and Alphaproteobacteria (11%). Betaproteobacteria, Flavobacteria, and Acidobacteria were minor constituents. The taxonomic compositions of the isolates were variable according to the species of longicorn beetle. Particularly, an abundance of Actinobacteria existed in Moechotypa diphysis and Mesosa hirsute, which eat broadleaf trees; however, no Actinobacteria were isolated from Corymbia rubra and Monochamus alternatus, which are needle-leaf eaters. Considerable proportions of xylanase and pectinase producing bacteria in the guts of the longicorn beetles implied that the bacteria may play an important role in the digestion of woody diets. Actinobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria were the dominant xylanase producers in the guts of the beetles.
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