- Mycolic Acid-Containing Actinomycetes Associated with Activated Sludge Foam
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Seong, Chi Nam , Kim, Young Sook , Baik, Keun Shik , Lee, Soon Dong , Hah, Yung Chil , Kim, Seung Bum , Goodfellow, Michael
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J. Microbiol. 1999;37(2):66-72.
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Mycolic acid-containing actinomycetes associated with extensive foaming in the aeration basin of the activated sludge process were isolated and analyzed by phenotypical, chemotaxonomical and phylogenetic methods. Whole cell sugar patterns of two isolates were pattern A. The nearly complete sequences of the 16S rRNA genes (rDNAs) of the isolates were determined and compared by using several tree-making algorithms. With polyphasic methods, strain SCNU1 was identified as Gordona sputi, and strain SCNU5 assigned to the genus Tsukamurella. The presence of opportunistic pathogens of chronic lung infections within foams can cause public health problems and render waste-treatment processes inefficient.
- Numerical classification of actinomycetes isolated from volcanic soil
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Kim, Seung Bum , Lee, Soon Dong , Kim, Seon Young , Oh, Hyung Myung , Kang, Sa Ouk , Hah, Yung Chil
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J. Microbiol. 1996;34(2):105-116.
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Of actinomycetes isolated from volcanic compost soils, 115 representative strains which showed distinctive morphologicla features were numerically classified, compared with reference strains of Streptomyces. One hundred and twenty unit characters were tested and the average probability of error was 4.27%. The cluster analysis resulted in two groups: group A included strains of actinomycetes except streptomycetes. Group A was divided into 2 major clusters (over 5 strains), 10-diaminopimelic acid. Group B was divided into 5 clusters, of which 4 clusters contained mesodiminopimelic acid and 1 cluster LL-diaminopimelic acid. The major clusters of group A showed higher abilities of substrate utilization and degradation, and higher resistance to inhibitors, whereas the minor and single member clusters of group A showed relatively higher antimicrobial activities. On the other hand, all clusters of group B showed relatively lower abilities of substrate utilization and degradation and lower resistance to inhibitors.
- Lipid analysis of streptomycetes isolated form volcanic soil
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Kim, Seung Bum , Kim, Min Young , Seong, Chi Nam , Kang Sa Ouk , Hah, Yung Chil
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J. Microbiol. 1996;34(2):184-191.
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The cellular fatty acids and quinones of streptomycetes isolated from volcanic soils were analysed. The strains contained fatty acids of 14 to 17 carbon chains, and 12-methyltetradecanoic acid and 14 methylpentadecanoic acid were dominant in most strains. The total profiles consisted of 74% branched fatty acid family, 16.8% linear family and 8.2% unsaturated family. The largest cluster of grey spore masses defined by numerical classification was separated from the remainders in the principal component analysis, but the other clusters were overlapped with one another. In the analysis of respiratory quinones, all of the strains contained either the menaquinone of 9 isoprene units with 6 hydrogenations of 8 hydrogenations as the major species. The distribution of menaquinones among the clusters could provide an important key in the chemotaxonomy of streptomycetes.
- An FMN-containing NADH-quinone reductase from streptomyces sp
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Youn, Hong Duk , Lee, Jin Won , Youn, Hwan , Lee, Jeong Kug , Hah, Yung Chil , Kang, Sa Ouk
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J. Microbiol. 1996;34(2):206-213.
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NADH-quinone reductase was purified 22-fold from the cytosolic fraction of Streptomyces sp. Imsnu-1 to apparent hemogenity, with an overall yield of 9%, by the purification procedure consisting of ammonium, sulfate precipitation and DEAE Sephacryl S-200 and DEAE 5 PW chromatographies. The molecular mass of the enzyme determined by gel filtration chromatography was found to be 110 kDa. SDS-PAGE revealed that the enzyme consists of two sugunits with a molecular mass of 54 kDa. The enzyme contained 1 mol of FMN per subunit as a cofactor. The A_272/A_457 ratio was 6.14 and the molar extinction coefficients were calculated to be 20, 800 and 25, 400M/sup -1/cm/sup -1/ AT 349 AND 457 nm, respectively. The N-terminal sequence of the enzyme contained the highly conserved fingerprint of ADP-binding domain. The enzyme used NADH as an electron donor and various quinones as electron acceptors. Cytochrome c was practically inactive. Air-stable flavin semiquinone was produced by the addition of NADH to the enzyme. Also, naphthosemiquinone was detected in the reaction mixture containing the enzyme.
- Construction of probability identification matrix and selective medium for acidophilic actinomycetes using numerical classification data
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Seong, Chi Nam , Park, Seok Kyu , Goodfellow, Michael , Kim, Seung Bum , Hah, Yung Chil
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J. Microbiol. 1995;33(2):95-102.
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A probability identification matrix of acidophilic Streptomyces was constructed. The phenetic data of the strains were derived from numerical classification described by Seong et al. The minimum number of diagnostic characters was determined using computer programs for calculation of different separation indices. The resulting matrix consisted of 25 clusters versus 53 characters. Theoretical evaluation of this matrix was achieved by estimating the cluster overlap and the identification scores for the Hypothetical Median Organisms (HMO) and for the representatives of each cluster. Cluster overlap was found to be relatively small. Identification scores for the HMO and the randomly selected representatives of each cluster were satisfactory. The matrix was assessed practically by applying the matrix to the identification of unknown isolates. Of the unknown isolates, 71.9% were clearly identified to one of eight clusters. The numerical classification data was also used to design a selective isolation medium for antibiotic-producing organisms. Four chemical substances including 2 antibiotics were determined by the DLACHAR program as diagnostic for the isolation of target organisms which have antimicrobial activity against Micrococcus luteus. It was possible to detect the increased rate of selective isolation on the synthesized medium. The results show that the numerical phenetic data can be applied to a variety of purposes, such as construction of identification matrix and selective isolation medium for acidophilic antinomycetes.
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