- The transcription factor Cas5 suppresses hyphal morphogenesis during yeast-form growth in Candida albicans
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Jong-Myeong Kim , Hye Yun Moon , Dong Wook Lee , Hyun Ah Kang , Jeong-Yoon Kim
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J. Microbiol. 2021;59(10):911-919. Published online September 7, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-1326-y
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Candida albicans is an opportunistic human pathogen that
exists as yeast, hyphal or pseudohyphal forms depending on
pH, nutrients, and temperature. The morphological transition
from yeast to hyphae, which is required for the complete virulence
of C. albicans, is controlled by many transcription factors
that activate or repress hypha-specific genes. The C. albicans
transcriptional factor Cas5, a key regulator of genes involved
in cell wall integrity, affects the susceptibility of C. albicans
to fluconazole, an inhibitor of ergosterol synthesis. In
this study, we found that deletion of CAS5 in C. albicans decreased
the expression levels of a set of ergosterol biosynthesis
genes, such as ERG2, ERG3, ERG5, ERG6, ERG11, and ERG24,
result
ing in the accumulation of lanosterol and zymosterol,
which are intermediate metabolites in the ergosterol biosynthesis
pathway. Interestingly, it was observed that the cas5Δ/Δ
mutant could not maintain the yeast form under non-hyphainducing
conditions, while the CAS5-overexpressing cells could
not form hyphae under hypha-inducing conditions. Consistent
with these observations, the cas5Δ/Δ mutant highly expressed
hypha-specific genes, ALS3, ECE1, and HWP1, under
non-hypha-inducing conditions. In addition, CAS5 transcription
was significantly downregulated immediately after hyphal
initiation in the wild-type strain. Furthermore, the cas5Δ/Δ
mutant reduced the transcription of NRG1, which encodes
a major repressor of hyphal morphogenesis, while Cas5 overexpression
increased the transcription of NRG1 under hyphainducing
conditions. Collectively, this study suggests the potential
role of Cas5 as a repressor of hypha-specific genes during
yeast-form growth of C. albicans.
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Citations
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Wei Wang, Lulu Zhang, Zhanfeng Cao, Weijing Yang, Xingzheng Wang, Yufen Yang, Ziyi Hu, Shufeng Wei, Ning Yang
Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology.2026; 145: 103378. CrossRef - Cas5 Regulates the Exposure of β-Glucan, the Cell Surface Hydrophobicity, and the Expression of Cell Wall Proteins to Remodel the Candida albicans Cell Wall and Participates in the Recruitment of Neutrophils
Qiyue Zhang, Guanglin Li, Yanmei Wang, Chen Yang, Wenhui Bai, Qingqing Li, Jiye Zhang, Peipei Zhang
Microorganisms.2025; 13(3): 683. CrossRef - The Role of Sfp1 in Candida albicans Cell Wall Maintenance
Che-Kang Chang, Min-Chi Yang, Hsueh-Fen Chen, Yi-Ling Liao, Chung-Yu Lan
Journal of Fungi.2022; 8(11): 1196. CrossRef
- Molecular characterization of the Saccharomycopsis fibuligera ATF genes, encoding alcohol acetyltransferase for volatile acetate ester formation
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Hye Yun Moon , Hyeon Jin Kim , Ki Seung Kim , Su Jin Yoo , Dong Wook Lee , Hee Je Shin , Jeong Ah Seo , Hyun Ah Kang
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J. Microbiol. 2021;59(6):598-608. Published online May 29, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-1159-8
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Abstract
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Aroma ester components produced by fermenting yeast cells
via alcohol acetyltransferase (AATase)-catalyzed intracellular
reactions are responsible for the fruity character of fermented
alcoholic beverages, such as beer and wine. Acetate esters
are reportedly produced at relatively high concentrations by
non-Saccharomyces species. Here, we identified 12 ATF orthologues
(SfATFs) encoding putative AATases, in the diploid
genome of Saccharomycopsis fibuligera KJJ81, an isolate from
wheat-based Nuruk in Korea. The identified SfATF proteins
(SfAtfp) display low sequence identities with S. cerevisiae
Atf1p (between 13.3 and 27.0%). All SfAtfp identified, except
SfAtf(A)4p and SfAtf(B)4p, contained the activation domain
(HXXXD) conserved in other Atf proteins. Culture supernatant
analysis using headspace gas chromatography mass spectrometry
confirmed that the recombinant S. cerevisiae strains
expressing SfAtf(A)2p, SfAtf(B)2p, and SfAtf(B)6p produced
high levels of isoamyl and phenethyl acetates. The volatile
aroma profiles generated by the SfAtf proteins were distinctive
from that of S. cerevisiae Atf1p, implying difference in
the substrate preference. Cellular localization analysis using
GFP fusion revealed the localization of SfAtf proteins proximal
to the lipid particles, consistent with the presence of amphipathic
helices at their N- and C-termini. This is the first
report that systematically characterizes the S. fibuligera ATF
genes encoding functional AATases responsible for acetate
ester formation using higher alcohols as substrate, demonstrating
their biotechnological potential for volatile ester production.
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Citations
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Food Microbiology.2026; 137: 105043. CrossRef - Two Metschnikowia nectar yeast species have similar volatile profiles but elicit differential foraging in bee pollinators
M. Elizabeth Moore, Lindsey Wilson, Nathan Brandt, Ayako Wada‐Katsumata, Ahmed M. Saveer, Coby Schal, Robert R. Dunn, Rebecca E. Irwin, Caiti Smukowski Heil
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Inés Pradal, Stefan Weckx, Luc De Vuyst
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LWT.2026; 255: 119760. CrossRef - Investigating the role of primary fungi in Huangjiu fermentation: Insights from flavor orientation and synthetic microbiomes
Qi Peng, Huihui Zhou, Huajun Zheng, Guangfa Xie
Food Microbiology.2025; 129: 104765. CrossRef - Molecular functional mechanisms of two alcohol acetyltransferases in Lavandula x intermedia (lavandin)
Dafeng Liu, Yanyan Du, Ablikim Abdiriyim, Lvxia Zhang, Daoqi Song, Huashui Deng, Xiongying Wen, Yanyan Zhang, Bingwang Sun
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Anastasia E.C. Rumpl, Joshua R. Goodhew, Paul F. Kelly, Mika Hirano, Michael E. Pyne
Biotechnology Advances.2025; 84: 108684. CrossRef - Genome-based exploration of volatile flavor diversity from food yeast species
Su Jin Yoo, Da Eun Kim, Lintang Ignatius Satyawan, Seong-Il Eyun, Che Ok Jeon, Hyun Ah Kang, Zbigniew Lazar
FEMS Yeast Research.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Genome-Wide Identification and Biochemical Characterization of Alcohol Acyltransferases for Aroma Generation in Wickerhamomyces subpelliculosus Isolates from Fermented Food
Su Jin Yoo, Hyeon Jin Kim, Hye Yun Moon, Min-Seung Jeon, Yong Uk Cho, Che Ok Jeon, Seong-Il Eyun, Hyun Ah Kang
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.2024; 72(50): 28194. CrossRef -
Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of
Saccharomycopsis fibuligera
(lindner) Klocker 1907 (saccharomycetales: saccharomycopsidaceae)
Yue Deng, Guangjiu Chen, Xuedong Bao, Jie He
Mitochondrial DNA Part B.2024; 9(6): 743. CrossRef - Optimization of High-Density Fermentation Conditions for Saccharomycopsis fibuligera Y1402 through Response Surface Analysis
Hongyang Yuan, Qi Sun, Lanshuang Wang, Zhilei Fu, Tianze Zhou, Jinghao Ma, Xiaoyan Liu, Guangsen Fan, Chao Teng
Foods.2024; 13(10): 1546. CrossRef - Genomic and functional features of yeast species in Korean traditional fermented alcoholic beverage and soybean products
Da Min Jeong, Hyeon Jin Kim, Min-Seung Jeon, Su Jin Yoo, Hye Yun Moon, Eun-joo Jeon, Che Ok Jeon, Seong-il Eyun, Hyun Ah Kang
FEMS Yeast Research.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Beer fermentation performance and sugar uptake of Saccharomycopsis fibuligera–A novel option for low-alcohol beer
Yvonne Methner, Frederico Magalhães, Luis Raihofer, Martin Zarnkow, Fritz Jacob, Mathias Hutzler
Frontiers in Microbiology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Comparative analysis of aroma components and quality of Geotrichum candidum after space mutation breeding
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Frontiers in Microbiology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
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