- Comparative Analysis of Superantigen Genes in Staphylococcus xylosus and Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Collected from a Single Mammary Quarter of Cows with Mastitis
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Karol Fijałkowski , Magdalena Struk , Jolanta Karakulska , Aleksandra Paszkowska , Stefania Giedrys-Kalemba , Helena Masiuk , Danuta Czernomysy-Furowicz , Paweł Nawrotek
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J. Microbiol. 2014;52(5):366-372. Published online April 11, 2014
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-014-3436-2
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The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare genes encoding superantigens (SAgs) in Staphylococcus xylosus and Staphylococcus aureus isolates collected simultaneously from milk of the same cows with clinical mastitis. Genes encoding staphylococcal enterotoxins and enterotoxin-like proteins (sea-selu), toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (tst-1) and exfolia-tive toxins (eta and etd) were investigated. It was found that among 30 isolates of S. xylosus, 16 (53.3%) harbored from 1 to 10 SAg genes. In total, in 16 SAg positive S. xylosus, 11 different enterotoxin genes were detected: sec, sed, seg, seh, sei, selm, seln, selo, selp, ser, selu and one etd gene encoding exfoliative toxin D. The most prevalent genes were ser, selu, and selo. Among all the positive isolates of S. xylosus, a total of 14 different SAg gene combinations were detected. One combination was repeated in 3 isolates, whereas the rest were detected only once. However, in the case of S. aureus all the 30 isolates harbored the same combination of SAg genes: seg, sei, selm, seln, selo and on the basis of PFGE analysis all belonged to the same clonal type. Also noteworthy was the observation that SAg genes detected in S. aureus have also been found in S. xylosus. The findings of this study further extend previous observations that SAg genes are present not only in S. aureus but also in coagulase-negative staphy-lococci, including S. xylosus. Therefore, taking into account that the SAg genes are encoded on mobile genetic elements it is possible that these genes can be transferred between different species of coexisting staphylococci.
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- Microbial flora of the respiratory tract and skin of artisanal municipal solid waste handlers in Aba, Abia State, Nigeria
I.W. Nwankwo, N.C. Nwachukwu, E.C. Onwuchekwa, O.C. Okamgba, O.C. Ugbogu
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.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Whole genome sequence and comparative genomics analysis of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus xylosus NM36 isolated from a cow with mastitis in Basrah city
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- Identification and Methicillin Resistance of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Isolated from Nasal Cavity of Healthy Horses
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Jolanta Karakulska , Karol Fijałkowski , Paweł Nawrotek , Anna Pobucewicz , Filip Poszumski , Danuta Czernomysy-Furowicz
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J. Microbiol. 2012;50(3):444-451. Published online June 30, 2012
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-012-1550-6
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693
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The aim of this study was an analysis of the staphylococcal flora of the nasal cavity of 42 healthy horses from 4 farms, along with species identification of CoNS isolates and determination of resistance to 18 antimicrobial agents, particularly phenotypic and genotypic methicillin resistance. From the 81 swabs, 87 staphylococci were isolated. All isolates possessed the gap gene but the coa gene was not detected in any of these isolates. Using PCR-RFLP of the gap gene, 82.8% of CoNS were identified: S. equorum (14.9%), S. warneri (14.9%), S. sciuri (12.6%), S. vitulinus (12.6%), S. xylosus (11.5% ), S. felis (5.7%), S. haemolyticus (3.4%), S. simulans(3.4%), S. capitis (1.1%), S. chromogenes (1.1%), and S. cohnii subsp. urealyticus (1.1%). To our knowledge, this was the first isolation of S. felis from a horse. The species identity of the remaining Staphylococcus spp. isolates (17.2%) could not be determined from the gap gene PCR-RFLP analysis and 16S rRNA gene sequencing data. Based on 16S-23S intergenic transcribed spacer PCR, 11 different ITS-PCR profiles were identified for the 87 analyzed isolates. Results of API Staph were consistent with molecular identification of 17 (19.5%) isolates. Resistance was detected to only 1 or 2 of the 18 antimicrobial agents tested in the 17.2% CoNS isolates, including 6.9% MRCoNS. The mecA gene was detected in each of the 5 (5.7%) phenotypically cefoxitin-resistant isolates and in 12 (13.8%) isolates susceptible to cefoxitin. In total, from 12 horses (28.6%), 17 (19.5%) MRCoNS were isolated. The highest percentage of MRCoNS was noted among S. sciuri isolates (100%).
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