- Furan-based Chalcone Annihilates the Multi-Drug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Protects Zebra Fish against its Infection
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Santosh Pushpa Ramya Ranjan Nayak , Catharine Basty , Seenivasan Boopathi , Loganathan Sumathi Dhivya , Khaloud Mohammed Alarjani , Mohamed Ragab Abdel Gawwad , Raghda Hager , Muthu Kumaradoss Kathiravan , Jesu Arockiaraj
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J. Microbiol. 2024;62(2):75-89. Published online February 21, 2024
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00103-6
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The emergence of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a multi-drug-resistant bacteria, is becoming a serious
public health concern. This bacterium infects immunocompromised patients and has a high fatality rate. Both naturally and
synthetically produced chalcones are known to have a wide array of biological activities. The antibacterial properties of
synthetically produced chalcone were studied against P. aeruginosa. In vitro, study of the compound (chalcone derivative
named DKO1), also known as (2E)-1-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl) prop-2-en-1-one, had substantial antibacterial
and biofilm disruptive action. DKO1 effectively shielded against P. aeruginosa-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, lipid
peroxidation, and apoptosis in zebrafish larvae. In adult zebrafish, the treatment enhanced the chances of survivability and
reduced the sickness-like behaviors. Gene expression, biochemical analysis, and histopathology studies found that proinflammatory
cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, iNOS) were down regulated; antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase
(SOD) and catalase (CAT) levels increased, and histoarchitecture was restored in zebrafish. The data indicate that DKO1 is
an effective antibacterial agent against P. aeruginosa demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo.
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