Journal of Microbiology

Bok-Kwon Lee

4 Articles

Detection of Representative Enteropathogenic Bacteria, Vibrio spp., Pathogenic Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., and Yersinia enterocolitica, Using a Virulence Factor Gene-Based Oligonucleotide Microarray§: Dong-Hun Kim , Bok-Kwon Lee , Yong-Dae Kim , Sung-Keun Rhee , Young-Chang Kim; J. Microbiol. 2010;48(5):682-688. Published online November 3, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-010-0119-5

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Rapid identification of enteropathogenic bacteria in stool samples is critical for clinical diagnosis and antimicrobial therapy. In this study, we describe the development of an approach that couples multiplex PCR with hybridization to a DNA microarray, to allow the simultaneous detection of the 10 pathogens. The microarray was synthesized with 20-mer oligonucleotide probes that were designed to be specific for virulencefactor genes of each strain. The detection limit for genomic DNA from a single strain was approximately 10 fg. In the presence of heterogeneous non-target DNA, the detection sensitivity of the array decreased to approximately 100 fg. We did not observe any non-specific hybridization. In addition, we successfully used this oligonucleotide-based DNA microarray to identify the causative agents in clinical stool samples from patients with food-borne enteritis.

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Enteric Bacteria Isolated from Acute Diarrheal Patients in the Republic of Korea between the Year 2004 and 2006: Seung-Hak Cho , Hyun-Ho Shin , Yeon-Hwa Choi , Mi-Sun Park , Bok-Kwon Lee; J. Microbiol. 2008;46(3):325-330. Published online July 5, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-008-0015-4

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Abstract PDF

In an epidemiological survey of human enterobacterial infections in the Republic of Korea during three years from 2004 to 2006, we isolated 1,784 (6.2%, isolation rate of enteropathogens from stool samples) in 2004, 2,547 (9.5%) in 2005 and 3,506 bacteria (12.3%) from people who visited clinics. Among the isolated bacteria, pathogenic Escherichia coli, especially, EAEC was the most frequently identified pathogen in both urban and rural regions followed by Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella species, Bacillus cereus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Campylobacter jejuni, Clostridium perfringens, and Shigella species. Distinct seasonality was found in V. parahaemolyticus species, while this pathogen showed no age-specific patterns. However, other bacteria, i.e., pathogenic E. coli, S. aureus, Salmonella spp., and B. cereus showed similar seasonality throughout the year, showing a slight increase in the infection rate during the summer months and high prevalence among children under 10 years of age and elder-age people. The antibiotic susceptibility patterns of pathogenic E. coli, Salmonella spp., and S. aureus showed high resistance to penicillins. However, both pathogenic E. coli and Salmonella spp. were susceptible to several cephems, imipenem, and amikacin. Moreover, S. aureus strains resistant to vancomycin were not found. In conclusion, these surveillances can play an important role for the control and prevention to the diseases originated by enteritis bacteria.

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Phage Types and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis Patterns of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis Isolated from Humans and Chickens: Sung Hun Kim , Shukho Kim , Sung Guen Chun , Mi-Sun Park , Jeong Hyun Park , Bok-Kwon Lee; J. Microbiol. 2008;46(2):209-213. Published online June 11, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-007-0197-1

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Abstract PDF

We analyzed 66 Salmonella Enteritidis isolates in 2002. Thirty isolates were obtained from human patients with diarrhea, and 36 were obtained from chickens. A total of ten phage types (PT) were identified in the human and chicken isolates. PT1 and PT21 were the predominant PTs in both the human (20% and 13%) and chicken (17% and 47%) isolates. Twelve pulsotypes were generated by PFGE and divided into two major groups. Most of the PFGE types were categorized into cluster group 1. Eighteen chicken isolates in cluster group 1 showed high-level genetic association (>95%) with 22 other human isolates. Additionally, six chicken isolates from cluster group 2 showed fairly high-level genetic association (>95%) with the other seven human isolates. The highest levels of genetic association in humans and chickens were seen with A5-PT21 (11 isolates), A2-PT1 (7 isolates), and B1-PT4 (6 isolates). The Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) and phage typing provided conclusive evidence that human Salmonella infections are attributable to the consumption of contaminated chicken.

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Surveillance of Bacterial Pathogens Associated with Acute Diarrheal Disease in the Republic of Korea During One Year, 2003: Seung-Hak Cho , Jong-Hyun Kim , Jong-Chul Kim , Hyun-Ho Shin , Yeon-Ho Kang , Bok-Kwon Lee; J. Microbiol. 2006;44(3):327-335.; DOI: https://doi.org/2379 [pii]

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Abstract PDF: An epidemiological survey of human enterobacterial infections was conducted to determine the prevalence of enteropathogens in the Republic of Korea during one year, 2003. We tested for infectious diseases in 26,992 stool samples obtained from people who visited clinics located in six big cities and six rural provinces. From these samples, we isolated 1,291 cases of enteritis bacterial infection (4.8%). In the urban areas, 821 cases of bacterial infection (6.4%) were identified and, in the rural areas, 479 bacterial strains (3.3%) were isolated. Seasonal patterns were seen for diarrhea associated with S. aureus, E. coli and V. parahaemolyticus, while Salmonella and Shigella infections showed slight seasonal variation. We found that S. aureus and Salmonella were more frequently isolated from children and the elderly; however, the prevalence of E. coli, V. parahaemolyticus, and Shigella were similar in different age groups. Routine monitoring of these infections is considered a worthwhile means by which to elucidate their epidemiology and modes of transmission and ultimately to control them more effectively. Continuous laboratory-based surveillance for findings of enteritis bacterial infection should be emphasized in the prevention of these infections.

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