Journal of Microbiology

Jeong Yoon Lee

2 Articles

Methyltransferase of a cell culture-adapted hepatitis E inhibits the MDA5 receptor signaling pathway: Jinjong Myoung , Jeong Yoon Lee , Kang Sang Min; J. Microbiol. 2019;57(12):1126-1131. Published online November 22, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-019-9478-8

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Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a causative agent of acute hepatitis and jaundice. The number of human infections is approximated to be over 20 million cases per year. The transmission is mainly via the fecal-oral route and contaminated water and food are considered to be a major source of infection. As a mouse model is not available, a recent development of a cell culture-adapted HEV strain (47832c) is considered as a very important tools for molecular analysis of HEV pathogenesis in cells. Previously, we demonstrated that HEV-encoded methyltransferase (MeT) encoded by the 47832c strain inhibits MDA5- and RIG-I-mediated activation of interferon β (IFN-β) promoter. Here, we report that MeT impairs the phosphorylation and activation of interferon regulatory factor 3 and the p65 subunit of NF-κB in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the MeT encoded by the 47832c, but not that of HEV clinical or field isolates (SAR-55, Mex-14, KC-1, and ZJ-1), displays the inhibitory effect. A deeper understanding of MeTmediated suppression of IFN-β expression would provide basis of the cell culture adaptation of HEV.

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Viral Hepatitis: Host Immune Interaction, Pathogenesis and New Therapeutic Strategies
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Hepatitis E virus: from innate sensing to adaptive immune responses
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Host Innate Immunity Against Hepatitis Viruses and Viral Immune Evasion
Chonghui Xu, Jizheng Chen, Xinwen Chen
Frontiers in Microbiology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
A Promising Vaccination Strategy against COVID-19 on the Horizon: Heterologous Immunization
Sameer-ul-Salam Mattoo, Jinjong Myoung
Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology.2021; 31(12): 1601. CrossRef
Hepatitis E Virus: How It Escapes Host Innate Immunity
Sébastien Lhomme, Marion Migueres, Florence Abravanel, Olivier Marion, Nassim Kamar, Jacques Izopet
Vaccines.2020; 8(3): 422. CrossRef
Chikungunya Virus nsP2 Impairs MDA5/RIG-I-Mediated Induction of NF-κB Promoter Activation: A Potential Target for Virus-Specific Therapeutics
Sojung Bae, Jeong Yoon Lee, Jinjong Myoung
Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology.2020; 30(12): 1801. CrossRef
Zika Virus-Encoded NS2A and NS4A Strongly Downregulate NF-κB Promoter Activity
Jeong Yoon Lee, Thi Thuy Ngan Nguyen, Jinjong Myoung
Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology.2020; 30(11): 1651. CrossRef

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus-encoded ORF8b strongly antagonizes IFN-β promoter activation: its implication for vaccine design: Jeong Yoon Lee , Sojung Bae , Jinjong Myoung; J. Microbiol. 2019;57(9):803-811. Published online August 27, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-019-9272-7

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Abstract

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a causative agent of severe-to-fatal pneumonia especially in patients with pre-existing conditions, such as smoking and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). MERS-CoV transmission continues to be reported in the Saudi Arabian Peninsula since its discovery in 2012. However, it has rarely been epidemic outside the area except one large outbreak in South Korea in May 2015. The genome of the epidemic MERS-CoV isolated from a Korean patient revealed its homology to previously reported strains. MERS-CoV encodes 5 accessory proteins and generally, they do not participate in the genome transcription and replication but rather are involved in viral evasion of the host innate immune responses. Here we report that ORF8b, an accessory protein of MERSCoV, strongly inhibits both MDA5- and RIG-I-mediated activation of interferon beta promoter activity while downstream signaling molecules were left largely unaffected. Of note, MDA5 protein levels were significantly down-regulated by ORF8b and co-expression of ORF4a and ORF4b. These novel findings will facilitate elucidation of mechanisms of virus-encoded evasion strategies, thus helping design rationale antiviral countermeasures against deadly MERS-CoV infection.

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Zika Virus-Encoded NS2A and NS4A Strongly Downregulate NF-κB Promoter Activity
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Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology.2020; 30(11): 1651. CrossRef
Chikungunya Virus nsP2 Impairs MDA5/RIG-I-Mediated Induction of NF-κB Promoter Activation: A Potential Target for Virus-Specific Therapeutics
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Methyltransferase of a cell culture-adapted hepatitis E inhibits the MDA5 receptor signaling pathway
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Journal of Microbiology.2019; 57(12): 1126. CrossRef

Jeong Yoon Lee

3 Articles

Adenoviral Vector System: A Comprehensive Overview of Constructions, Therapeutic Applications and Host Responses: Anyeseu Park, Jeong Yoon Lee; J. Microbiol. 2024;62(7):491-509. Published online July 22, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00159-4

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Abstract

Adenoviral vectors are crucial for gene therapy and vaccine development, offering a platform for gene delivery into host cells. Since the discovery of adenoviruses, first-generation vectors with limited capacity have evolved to third-generation vectors flacking viral coding sequences, balancing safety and gene-carrying capacity. The applications of adenoviral vectors for gene therapy and anti-viral treatments have expanded through the use of in vitro ligation and homologous recombination, along with gene editing advancements such as CRISPR-Cas9. Current research aims to maintain the efficacy and safety of adenoviral vectors by addressing challenges such as pre-existing immunity against adenoviral vectors and developing new adenoviral vectors from rare adenovirus types and non-human species. In summary, adenoviral vectors have great potential in gene therapy and vaccine development. Through continuous research and technological advancements, these vectors are expected to lead to the development of safer and more effective treatments.

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Genomic Evolution and Recombination Dynamics of Human Adenovirus D Species: Insights from Comprehensive Bioinformatic Analysis: Anyeseu Park, Chanhee Lee, Jeong Yoon Lee; J. Microbiol. 2024;62(5):393-407. Published online March 7, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00112-5

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Abstract

Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) can infect various epithelial mucosal cells, ultimately causing different symptoms in infected organ systems. With more than 110 types classified into seven species (A-G), HAdV-D species possess the highest number of viruses and are the fastest proliferating. The emergence of new adenovirus types and increased diversity are driven by homologous recombination (HR) between viral genes, primarily in structural elements such as the penton base, hexon and fiber proteins, and the E1 and E3 regions. A comprehensive analysis of the HAdV genome provides valuable insights into the evolution of human adenoviruses and identifies genes that display high variation across the entire genome to determine recombination patterns. Hypervariable regions within genetic sequences correlate with functional characteristics, thus allowing for adaptation to new environments and hosts. Proteotyping of newly emerging and already established adenoviruses allows for prediction of the characteristics of novel viruses. HAdV-D species evolved in a direction that increased diversity through gene recombination. Bioinformatics analysis across the genome, particularly in highly variable regions, allows for the verification or re-evaluation of recombination patterns in both newly introduced and pre-existing viruses, ultimately aiding in tracing various biological traits such as virus tropism and pathogenesis. Our research does not only assist in predicting the emergence of new adenoviruses but also offers critical guidance in regard to identifying potential regulatory factors of homologous recombination hotspots.

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In Silico Intensive Analysis for the E4 Gene Evolution of Human Adenovirus Species D
Chanhee Lee, Anyeseu Park, Jeong Yoon Lee
Journal of Microbiology.2024; 62(5): 409. CrossRef

In Silico Intensive Analysis for the E4 Gene Evolution of Human Adenovirus Species D: Chanhee Lee, Anyeseu Park, Jeong Yoon Lee; J. Microbiol. 2024;62(5):409-418. Published online April 30, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00132-1

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Abstract: Adenovirus (Ad) is a ubiquitous pathogen capable of infecting a wide range of animals and humans. Human Adenovirus (HAdV) can cause severe infection, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems. To date, over 110 types of HAdV have been classified into seven species from A to G, with the majority belonging to the human adenovirus species D (HAdV-D). In the HAdV-D, the most significant factor for the creation of new adenovirus types is homologous recombination between viral genes involved in determining the virus tropism or evading immune system of host cells. The E4 gene, consisting of seven Open Reading Frames (ORFs), plays a role in both the regulation of host cell metabolism and the replication of viral genes. Despite long-term studies, the function of each ORF remains unclear. Based on our updated information, ORF2, ORF3, and ORF4 have been identified as regions with relatively high mutations compared to other ORFs in the E4 gene, through the use of in silico comparative analysis. Additionally, we managed to visualize high mutation sections, previously undetectable at the DNA level, through a powerful amino acid sequence analysis tool known as proteotyping. Our research has revealed the involvement of the E4 gene in the evolution of human adenovirus, and has established accurate sequence information of the E4 gene, laying the groundwork for further research.

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