Journal of Microbiology

Journal Article

Potential for colonization of O111:H25 atypical enteropathogenic E. coli: Marta O. Domingos , Keyde C.M. Melo , Irys Viana Neves , Cristiane M. Mota , Rita C. Ruiz , Bruna S. Melo , Raphael C. Lima , Denise S.P.Q. Horton , Monamaris M. Borges , Marcia R. Franzolin; J. Microbiol. 2016;54(11):745-752. Published online October 29, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-016-6015-x

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Using clonal phylogenetic methods, it has been demonstrated that O111:H25 atypical enteropathogenic E. coli (aEPEC) strains belong to distinct clones, suggesting the possibility that their ability to interact with different hosts and abiotic surfaces can vary from one clone to another. Accordingly, the ability of O111:H25 aEPEC strains derived from human, cat and dogs to adhere to epithelial cells has been investigated, along with their ability to interact with macrophages and to form biofilms on polystyrene, a polymer used to make biomedical devices. The results demonstrated that all the strains analyzed were able to adhere to, and to form pedestals on, epithelial cells, mechanisms used by E. coli to become strongly attached to the host. The strains also show a Localized-Adherence- Like (LAL) pattern of adhesion on HEp-2 cells, a behavior associated with acute infantile diarrhea. In addition, the O111:H25 aEPEC strains derived either from human or domestic animals were able to form long filaments, a phenomenon used by some bacteria to avoid phagocytosis. O111:H25 aEPEC strains were also encountered inside vacuoles, a characteristic described for several bacterial strains as a way of protecting themselves against the environment. They were also able to induce TNF-α release via two routes, one dependent on TLR-4 and the other dependent on binding of Type I fimbriae. These O111:H25 strains were also able to form biofilms on polystyrene. In summary the results suggest that, regardless of their source (i.e. linked to human origin or otherwise), O111:H25 aEPEC strains carry the potential to cause human disease.

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Genomic Diversity of Legionella pneumophila Serogroup 1 from Environmental Water Sources and Clinical Specimens Using Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) from 1985 to 2007, Korea: Hae Kyung Lee , Yeon Ho Kang , Jae Yon Yu; J. Microbiol. 2010;48(5):547-553. Published online November 3, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-010-0031-z

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Abstract: The molecular typing of 202 Legionella pneumophila sg 1 isolates obtained from environmental water sources and clinical specimens from 1985 to 2007 was conducted using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). In this study, a total of 212 isolates were grouped into 35 different PFGE types and Type 1 was the predominant type, accounting for 28.7% in PFGE types. Type 1 and Type 8 were observed continuously from 1985 to 2007. In the analysis of the distribution of PFGE types in six geographic regions (Seoul-Incheon, Gangwon, Chungcheong, Gyeongsang, Jeolla, and Jeju), Type 1 was predominant throughout four regions except for Jeolla and Jeju, and Type 6 was observed in four regions except two regions (Gangwon and Jeju). Six clinical isolates belonged to PFGE Type 1, Type 6, Type 9, and Type 15. Type 1 among these types, was isolated from 3 patients with confirmed nosocomial infection at the hospital and Type 6, Type 9, and Type 15 were isolated 3 patients with suspected community-acquired infection. Type R, PFGE pattern of L. pneumophila sg 1 (ATCC 33152, Philadelphia-1), was not observed in the isolates evaluated in this study. Therefore, our results suggest that PFGE Type 1 was very prevalent in the environmental and clinical isolates in Korea. Type 1 was distributed continuously for many years throughout Korea.

Distribution of Marine Birnavirus in Cultured Olive Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus in Korea: Sung-Ju Jung , Seok-Ryel Kim , Il-Yong Joung , Shin-Ichi Kitamura , Hee-Taek Ceong , Myung-Joo Oh; J. Microbiol. 2008;46(3):265-273. Published online July 5, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-008-0004-7

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Abstract: Surveys of marine birnavirus (MABV) were undertaken in cultured olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus from the south and west coastal areas and Jeju in Korea during the period January 1999 to April 2007. MABV was detected in all seasons from the fry, juveniles and adult fish from the areas examined. Evident cytopathic effects of the virus including rounding and cell lysis were observed in chinook salmon embryo (CHSE-214) and rainbow trout gonad (RTG-2) cells, but not in fathead minnow (FHM) and epithelial papilloma of carp (EPC) cells. Nucleotide sequences of the VP2/NS junction region of the Korean isolates showed 97.8%~100% similarity, and they belonged to the same genogroup. Cross neutralization tests with serotype-specific rabbit antisera against MABV strains exhibited a close antigenic relationships between strains, and were distinct from infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) strains. Coinfection of MABV with bacteria (Streptococcus iniae, Vibrio spp.) and viruses (nervous necrosis virus, lymphocystis disease virus, viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus) was observed.

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The Molecular Characterization of Serogroup C Neisseria meningitidis Strains Circulating in Beijing: Tie-gang Zhang , Jing-guo He , Xiong He , Li-Juan Chen , Zhu-jun Shao , Mei-ping Sun; J. Microbiol. 2006;44(6):685-688.; DOI: https://doi.org/2455 [pii]

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Abstract: The aim of this study was to characterize the molecular features of serogroup C Neisseria meningitidis strains circulating in Beijing, China. Twenty out of 23 strains belonged to ST 4821. The causative serosubtype for meningococcal meningitis was P1.12-1,16-8. All of the strains expressed class 3 PorB protein. Among the five pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns observed, pattern III predominated.

Laboratory Confirmation of A Suspicious Meningococcal Meningitis Death Case: Tie-gang Zhang , Xiong He , Li-juan Chen , Jing-guo He , Ming Luo , Jie Yang , Zhu-jun Shao , Mei-ping Sun; J. Microbiol. 2006;44(4):457-460.; DOI: https://doi.org/2405 [pii]

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Abstract: A suspicious meningococcal meningitis death case was reported to the Beijing CDC. The blood specimen was analyzed via multi-PCR and MLST. 6 isolates from close contacts were analyzed via PFGE and MLST. According to the results of the above analyses, the cause of this case was identified as a serogroup A Neisseria meningitidis, which, in terms of sequence typing, belonged the ST7 group.

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