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- Epidemiological Features and Resistance Pattern in Uropathogens Isolated from Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis
- Tommaso Cai , Sandra Mazzoli , Francesca Meacci , Vieri Boddi , Nicola Mondaini , Gianni Malossini , Riccardo Bartoletti
- J. Microbiol. 2011;49(3):448-454. Published online June 30, 2011
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-011-0391-z
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- 44 Scopus
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Abstract
- Chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP) is, usually, caused by uropathogens, especially gram-negative bacilli, although infection is sometimes due to Gram-positive and atypical microorganisms. A recent increasing in prevalence of Gram-positive strains has been reported. The aim of this study was to explore the epidemiological features and resistance rates in uropathogens isolated from CBP outpatients in last 10 years. All consecutive outpatients with demonstrated CBP attending a single Sexually Transmitted Disease centre from January 1997 and December 2008, were enrolled and underwent microbiological cultures in first void early morning urine, midstream urine, expressed prostatic secretion, and post prostate massage urine. Prevalence of different bacterial strains was stratified in four different periods: 1997-1999, 2000-2002, 2003-2005, 2006-2008. Any changes observed in epidemiological features and resistance rates in uropathogens over the whole study period have been analyzed. The present study has been planned, thus, as in vitro study. From 6,221 patients, 4,601 Gram-positive and 1,620 Gram-negative bacterial strains have been isolated. Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli strains are the first and second frequent pathogens found, respectively. Significant differences between E. faecalis prevalence in the 1997-1999 and 2006-2008 periods were found. E. coli showed a significant difference between prevalence in 1997-1999 and 2006-2008 periods. Gram-positive organisms showed a decreasing of susceptibility to ciprofloxacin as well as Gram-negative strains, while a good susceptibility to the levofloxacin was evidenced. E. faecalis prevalence seemed to be raised in 2006-2008 periods. Moreover, a decreasing of activity of ciprofloxacin and a good activity profile of levofloxacin have been reported.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Rapid One Step Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria in Urine with Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) and Prostatitis Patient by Multiplex PCR Assay (mPCR)
- Sang Rok Lee , Ji Min Chung , Young Gon Kim
- J. Microbiol. 2007;45(5):453-459.
- DOI: https://doi.org/2590 [pii]
- 43 View
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Abstract
- We developed a multiplex PCR (mPCR) assay to simultaneously detect Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Corynebacterium spp. and seudomona aeruginosa. This method employs a single tube and multiple specific primers which yield 200, 281, 346, 423, 542, and 1,427 bp PCR products, respectively. All the PCR products were easily detected by agarose gel electrophoresis and were sequenced to confirm the specificity of the reactions. To test this method, DNA extracted from urine samples was collected from 96 sexually transmitted disease or prostatitis patients at a local hospital clinical center, and were subjected to the mPCR assay. The resulting amplicons were cloned and sequenced to exactly match the sequences of known pathogenic isolates. N. gonorrhoeae and Corynebacterium spp. were the most frequently observed pathogens found in the STDs and prostatitis patients, respectively. Unexpectedly, P. aeruginosa was also detected in some of the STD and prostatitis samples. More than one pathogen species was found in 10% and 80.7% of STD and prostatitis samples, respectively, indicating that STD and prostatitis patients may have other undiagnosed and associates. The sensitivity of the assay was determined by sing purified DNA from six pathogenic laboratory strains and revealed that this technique could detect pathogenic DNA at concentrations ranging from 0.018 to 1.899 pg/μl. Moreover, the specificities of this assay were found to be highly efficient. Thus, this mPCR assay may be useful for the rapid diagnosis of causative infectious STDs and prostatitis. useful for the infectious STDs and prostatitis.
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