Journal of Microbiology

Journal Articles

Regulator of ribonuclease activity modulates the pathogenicity of Vibrio vulnificus: Jaejin Lee , Eunkyoung Shin , Jaeyeong Park , Minho Lee , Kangseok Lee; J. Microbiol. 2021;59(12):1133-1141. Published online November 9, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-1518-5

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RraA, a protein regulator of RNase E activity, plays a unique role in modulating the mRNA abundance in Escherichia coli. The marine pathogenic bacterium Vibrio vulnificus also possesses homologs of RNase E (VvRNase E) and RraA (VvRraA1 and VvRraA2). However, their physiological roles have not yet been investigated. In this study, we demonstrated that VvRraA1 expression levels affect the pathogenicity of V. vulnificus. Compared to the wild-type strain, the VvrraA1-deleted strain (ΔVvrraA1) showed decreased motility, invasiveness, biofilm formation ability as well as virulence in mice; these phenotypic changes of ΔVvrraA1 were restored by the exogenous expression of VvrraA1. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that VvRraA1 expression levels affect the abundance of a large number of mRNA species. Among them, the halflives of mRNA species encoding virulence factors (e.g., smcR and htpG) that have been previously shown to affect VvrraA1 expression-dependent phenotypes were positively correlated with VvrraA1 expression levels. These findings suggest that VvRraA1 modulates the pathogenicity of V. vulnificus by regulating the abundance of a subset of mRNA species.

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Identification of the global regulatory roles of RraA via the integrative transcriptome and proteome in Vibrio alginolyticus
Huizhen Chen, Qian Gao, Bing Liu, Ying Zhang, Jianxiang Fang, Songbiao Wang, Youqi Chen, Chang Chen, Nicolas E. Buchler
mSphere.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis of Flagellar-Associated Genes in Salmonella Typhimurium and Its rnc Mutant
Seungmok Han, Ji-Won Byun, Minho Lee
Journal of Microbiology.2024; 62(1): 33. CrossRef
Eco-Evolutionary Drivers of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Sequence Type 3 Expansion: Retrospective Machine Learning Approach
Amy Marie Campbell, Chris Hauton, Ronny van Aerle, Jaime Martinez-Urtaza
JMIR Bioinformatics and Biotechnology.2024; 5: e62747. CrossRef
Relaxed Cleavage Specificity of Hyperactive Variants of Escherichia coli RNase E on RNA I
Dayeong Bae, Hana Hyeon, Eunkyoung Shin, Ji-Hyun Yeom, Kangseok Lee
Journal of Microbiology.2023; 61(2): 211. CrossRef
Regulator of RNase E activity modulates the pathogenicity of Salmonella Typhimurium
Jaejin Lee, Eunkyoung Shin, Ji-Hyun Yeom, Jaeyoung Park, Sunwoo Kim, Minho Lee, Kangseok Lee
Microbial Pathogenesis.2022; 165: 105460. CrossRef

Characterization of a novel dsRNA mycovirus of Trichoderma atroviride NFCF377 reveals a member of “Fusagraviridae” with changes in antifungal activity of the host fungus: Jeesun Chun , Byeonghak Na , Dae-Hyuk Kim; J. Microbiol. 2020;58(12):1046-1053. Published online October 23, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-0380-1

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Abstract

Trichoderma atroviride is a common fungus found in various ecosystems that shows mycoparasitic ability on other fungi. A novel dsRNA virus was isolated from T. atroviride NFCF377 strain and its molecular features were analyzed. The viral genome consists of a single segmented double-stranded RNA and is 9,584 bp in length, with two discontinuous open reading frames (ORF1 and ORF2). A mycoviral structural protein and an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) are encoded by ORF1 and ORF2, respectively, between which is found a canonical shifty heptameric signal motif (AAAAAAC) followed by an RNA pseudoknot. Analysis of sequence similarity and phylogeny showed that it is closely related to members of the proposed family “Fusagraviridae”, with a highest similarity to the Trichoderma atroviride mycovirus 1 (TaMV1). Although the sequence similarity of deduced amino acid to TaMV1 was evident, sequence deviations were distinctive at untranslated regions (UTRs) due to the extended size. Thus, we inferred this dsRNA to be a different strain of Trichoderma atroviride mycovirus 1 (TaMV1-NFCF377). Electron microscopy image exhibited an icosahedral viral particle of 40 nm diameter. Virus-cured isogenic isolates were generated and no differences in growth rate, colony morphology, or conidia production were observed between virus-infected and virus-cured strains. However, culture filtrates of TaMV1- NFCF377-infected strain showed enhanced antifungal activity against the plant pathogen Rhizoctonia solani but not to edible mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus. These results suggested that TaMV1-NFCF377 affected the metabolism of the fungal host to potentiate antifungal compounds against a plant pathogen, but this enhanced antifungal activity appeared to be species-specific.

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Co-infection with two novel mycoviruses affects the biocontrol activity of Trichoderma polysporum
Jeesun Chun, Hae-Ryeong Yoon, Sei-Jin Lee, Dae-Hyuk Kim
Biological Control.2024; 188: 105440. CrossRef
An Outstandingly Rare Occurrence of Mycoviruses in Soil Strains of the Plant-Beneficial Fungi from the Genus Trichoderma and a Novel Polymycoviridae Isolate
Chenchen Liu, Xiliang Jiang, Zhaoyan Tan, Rongqun Wang, Qiaoxia Shang, Hongrui Li, Shujin Xu, Miguel A. Aranda, Beilei Wu, Lea Atanasova
Microbiology Spectrum.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Sixteen Novel Mycoviruses Containing Positive Single-Stranded RNA, Double-Stranded RNA, and Negative Single-Stranded RNA Genomes Co-Infect a Single Strain of Rhizoctonia zeae
Siwei Li, Zhihao Ma, Xinyi Zhang, Yibo Cai, Chenggui Han, Xuehong Wu
Journal of Fungi.2023; 10(1): 30. CrossRef
Trichoderma – genomes and genomics as treasure troves for research towards biology, biotechnology and agriculture
Miriam Schalamun, Monika Schmoll
Frontiers in Fungal Biology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
A Transfectable Fusagravirus from a Japanese Strain of Cryphonectria carpinicola with Spherical Particles
Subha Das, Sakae Hisano, Ana Eusebio-Cope, Hideki Kondo, Nobuhiro Suzuki
Viruses.2022; 14(8): 1722. CrossRef
Molecular characteristics of a novel hypovirus from Trichoderma harzianum
Jeesun Chun, Kum-Kang So, Yo-Han Ko, Dae-Hyuk Kim
Archives of Virology.2022; 167(1): 233. CrossRef
Sustainable Management of Medicago sativa for Future Climates: Insect Pests, Endophytes and Multitrophic Interactions in a Complex Environment
Mark R. McNeill, Xiongbing Tu, Eric Altermann, Wu Beilei, Shengjing Shi
Frontiers in Agronomy.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
A New Double-Stranded RNA Mycovirus in Cryphonectria naterciae Is Able to Cross the Species Barrier and Is Deleterious to a New Host
Carolina Cornejo, Sakae Hisano, Helena Bragança, Nobuhiro Suzuki, Daniel Rigling
Journal of Fungi.2021; 7(10): 861. CrossRef

Two novel synthetic peptides inhibit quorum sensing-dependent biofilm formation and some virulence factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1: Mostafa N. Taha , Amal E. Saafan , A. Ahmedy , Eman El Gebaly , Ahmed S. Khairalla; J. Microbiol. 2019;57(7):618-625. Published online June 27, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-019-8548-2

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Abstract

Quorum sensing (QS) regulates virulence factor expression in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Inhibiting the QS-controlled virulence factors without inhibiting the growth of P. aeruginosa is a promising approach for overcoming the widespread resistance of P. aeruginosa. This study was proposed to investigate the effects of two novel synthetic peptides on the biofilm development and virulence factor production of P. aeruginosa. The tested strain was P. aeruginosa PAO1. The results indicated that both of the synthetic peptides (LIVRHK and LIVRRK) inhibited (P < 0.05) the formation of biofilms and the production of virulence factors, including pyocyanin, protease, and rhamnolipids, without inhibiting the growth of PAO1. Additionally, we detected transcriptional changes related to QS and found a significant reduction in the levels of gene expression of lasI, lasR, rhlI, and rhlR. This study demonstrates that LIVRRK and LIVRHK are novel synthetic peptides that can act as potent inhibitors of QS-regulated virulence factors in P. aeruginosa. Moreover, these synthetic peptides have potential applications in the treatment of biofilmrelated diseases. Both peptides may be able to control chronic infections and biofilm-associated problems of P. aeruginosa.

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Antibiofilm activity of marine microbial natural products: potential peptide- and polyketide-derived molecules from marine microbes toward targeting biofilm-forming pathogens
Linda Sukmarini, Akhirta Atikana, Triana Hertiani
Journal of Natural Medicines.2024; 78(1): 1. CrossRef
A Systematic Hierarchical Virtual Screening Model for RhlR Inhibitors Based on PCA, Pharmacophore, Docking, and Molecular Dynamics
Jiarui Du, Jiahao Li, Juqi Wen, Jun Liu, Haichuan Xiao, Antian Zhang, Dongdong Yang, Pinghua Sun, Haibo Zhou, Jun Xu
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(14): 8000. CrossRef
Antimicrobial peptides fight against Pseudomonas aeruginosa at a sub-inhibitory concentration via anti-QS pathway
Li Li, Jiaxin Li, Xiaodan Yu, Ruipin Cao, Meiling Hong, Zuxian Xu, Jian Ren Lu, Yinglu Wang, Hu Zhu
Bioorganic Chemistry.2023; 141: 106922. CrossRef
The Role of Quorum Sensing Molecules in Bacterial–Plant Interactions
Jan Majdura, Urszula Jankiewicz, Agnieszka Gałązka, Sławomir Orzechowski
Metabolites.2023; 13(1): 114. CrossRef
Peptide LQLY3-1, a novel Vibrio harveyi quorum sensing inhibitor produced by Lactococcus lactis LY3-1
Yangrui Wang, Mengtong Sun, Xiaoling Cui, Yongyue Gao, Xinran Lv, Jianrong Li, Fengling Bai, Xuepeng Li, Defu Zhang, Kai Zhou
LWT.2022; 170: 114093. CrossRef
Design and assessment of novel synthetic peptides to inhibit quorum sensing-dependent biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Fatemeh Aflakian, Mehrnaz Rad, Gholamreza Hashemitabar, Milad Lagzian, Mohammad Ramezani
Biofouling.2022; 38(2): 131. CrossRef
Effects of active compounds from Cassia fistula on quorum sensing mediated virulence and biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Zoya Peerzada, Ashish M. Kanhed, Krutika B. Desai
RSC Advances.2022; 12(24): 15196. CrossRef
Antimicrobial peptides properties beyond growth inhibition and bacterial killing
Israel Castillo-Juárez, Blanca Esther Blancas-Luciano, Rodolfo García-Contreras, Ana María Fernández-Presas
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A Bacterial Isolate Capable of Quenching Both Diffusible Signal Factor- and N-Acylhomoserine Lactone-Family Quorum Sensing Signals Shows Much Enhanced Biocontrol Potencies
Huishan Wang, Qiqi Lin, Lingling Dong, Wenting Wu, Zhibing Liang, Zhangyong Dong, Huijuan Ye, Lisheng Liao, Lian-Hui Zhang
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.2022; 70(25): 7716. CrossRef
Algal polysaccharide’s potential to combat respiratory infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae and Serratia marcescens biofilms
Jyoti Vishwakarma, Bhumika Waghela, Berness Falcao, Sirisha L. Vavilala
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology.2022; 194(2): 671. CrossRef
Molecular Characteristics, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Biofilm Formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Patients with Aural Infections in Shanghai, China
Feifei Yang, Chunhong Liu, Jian Ji, Wenjun Cao, Baixing Ding, Xiaogang Xu
Infection and Drug Resistance.2021; Volume 14: 3637. CrossRef
Molecular engineering of antimicrobial peptides: microbial targets, peptide motifs and translation opportunities
Priscila Cardoso, Hugh Glossop, Thomas G. Meikle, Arturo Aburto-Medina, Charlotte E. Conn, Vijayalekshmi Sarojini, Celine Valery
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Type VI secretion system of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is associated with biofilm formation but not environmental adaptation
Lihua Chen, Yaru Zou, Asmaa Abbas Kronfl, Yong Wu
MicrobiologyOpen.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Synergism between Host Defence Peptides and Antibiotics Against Bacterial Infections
Jiarui Li, Pablo Fernández-Millán, Ester Boix
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry.2020; 20(14): 1238. CrossRef
Olive Leaf Extract Modulates Quorum Sensing Genes and Biofilm Formation in Multi-Drug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Nazly R. El-sayed, Reham Samir, Lina Jamil M. Abdel-Hafez, Mohammed A. Ramadan
Antibiotics.2020; 9(9): 526. CrossRef

The antimicrobial potential of a new derivative of cathelicidin from Bungarus fasciatus against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Mercedeh Tajbakhsh , Abdollah Karimi , Abolghasem Tohidpour , Naser Abbasi , Fatemeh Fallah , Maziar Mohammad Akhavan; J. Microbiol. 2018;56(2):128-137. Published online February 2, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-018-7444-5

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Abstract

Cathelicidins are a family of antimicrobial peptides which exhibit broad antimicrobial activities against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Considering the progressive antibiotic resistance, cathelicidin is a candidate for use as an alternative approach to treat and overcome the challenge of antimicrobial resistance. Cathelicidin-BF (Cath-BF) is a short antimicrobial peptide, which was originally extracted from the venom of Bungarus fasciatus. Recent studies have reported that Cath-BF and some related derivatives exert strong antimicrobial and weak hemolytic properties. This study investigates the bactericidal and cytotoxic effects of Cath-BF and its analogs (Cath-A and Cath-B). Cath-A and Cath-B were designed to increase their net positive charge, to have more activity against methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The results of this study show that Cath-A, with a +17-net charge, has the most noteworthy antimicrobial activity against MRSA strains, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging between 32–128 μg/ml. The bacterial kinetic analysis by 1 × MIC concentration of each peptide shows that Cath-A neutralizes the clinical MRSA isolate for 60 min. The present data support the notion that increasing the positive net charge of antimicrobial peptides can increase their potential antimicrobial activity. Cath-A also displayed the weakest cytotoxicity effect against human umbilical vein endothelial and H9c2 rat cardiomyoblast cell lines. Analysis of the hemolytic activity reveals that all three peptides exhibit minor hemolytic activity against human erythrocytes at concentrations up to 250 μg/ml. Altogether, these results suggest that Cath-A and Cath-B are competent candidates as novel antimicrobial compounds against MRSA and possibly other multidrug resistant bacteria.

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Review

MINIREVIEW] Nontraditional Therapies to Treat Helicobacter pylori Infection: Morris O. Makobongo , Jeremy J. Gilbreath , D. Scott Merrell; J. Microbiol. 2014;52(4):259-272. Published online March 29, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-014-3603-5

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Abstract

The Gram-negative pathogen Helicobacter pylori is increasingly more resistant to the three major antibiotics (metronidazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin) that are most commonly used to treat infection. As a result, there is an increased rate of treatment failure; this translates into an overall higher cost of treatment due to the need for increased length of treatment and/or the requirement for combination or sequential therapy. Given the rise in antibiotic resistance, the complicated treatment regime, and issues related to patient compliance that stem from the duration and complexity of treatment, there is clearly a pressing need for the development of novel therapeutic strategies to combat H. pylori infection. As such, researchers are actively investigating the utility of antimicrobial peptides, small molecule inhibitors and naturopathic therapies. Herein we review and discuss each of these novel approaches as a means to target this important gastric pathogen.

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Journal Article

Cyclic Lipopeptide Profile of Three Bacillus subtilis Strains; Antagonists of Fusarium Head Blight: Christopher A. Dunlap , David A. Schisler , Neil P. Price , Steven F. Vaughn; J. Microbiol. 2011;49(4):603-609. Published online September 2, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-011-1044-y

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Abstract

The objective of the study was to identify the lipopetides associated with three Bacillus subtilis strains. The strains are antagonists of Gibberella zeae, and have been shown to be effective in reducing Fusarium head blight in wheat. The lipopeptide profile of three B. subtilis strains (AS43.3, AS43.4, and OH131.1) was determined using mass spectroscopy. Strains AS43.3 and AS43.4 produced the anti-fungal lipopeptides from the iturin and fengycin family during the stationary growth phase. All three strains produced the lipopeptide surfactin at different growth times. Strain OH131.1 only produced surfactin under these conditions. The antifungal activity of the culture supernatant and individual lipopeptides was determined by the inhibition of G. zeae. Cell-free supernatant from strains AS43.3 and AS43.4 demonstrated strong antibiosis of G. zeae, while strain OH131.1 had no antibiosis activity. These results suggest a different mechanism of antagonism for strain OH131.1, relative to AS43.3 and AS43.4.

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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Evaluation of Antagonistic Activities of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis Against Wood-Staining Fungi: In Vitro and In Vivo Experiments: Natarajan Velmurugan , Mi Sook Choi , Sang-Sub Han , Yang-Soo Lee; J. Microbiol. 2009;47(4):385-392. Published online September 9, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-009-0018-9

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Abstract: The antifungal activity of bacterial strains Bacillus subtilis EF 617317 and B. licheniformis EF 617325 was demonstrated against sapstaining fungal cultures Ophiostoma flexuosum, O. tetropii, O. polonicum, and O. ips in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. The crude active supernatant fractions of 7 days old B. subtilis and B. licheniformis cultures inhibited the growth of sapstaining fungi in laboratory experiments. Thermostability and pH stability of crude supernatants were determined by series of experiments. FT-IR analysis was performed to confirm the surface structural groups of lipoproteins present in the crude active supernatant. Partial purification of lipopeptides present in the crude supernatant was done by using Cellulose anion exchange chromatography and followed by Sephadex gel filtration chromatography. Partially purified compounds significantly inhibited the sapstaining fungal growth by in vitro analysis. The lipopeptides responsible for antifungal activity were identified by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry after partial purification by ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography. Four major ion peaks were identified as m/z 1023, 1038, 1060, and 1081 in B. licheniformis and 3 major ion peaks were identified as m/z 1036, 1058, and 1090 in B. subtilis. In conclusion, the partially purified lipopeptides may belong to surfactin and iturin family. In vivo analysis for antifungal activity of lipopeptides on wood was conducted in laboratory. In addition, the potential of extracts for fungal inhibition on surface and internal part of wood samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy.

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