Journal of Microbiology

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Inhibitory Effect of Chlorophyllin on the Propionibacterium acnes-Induced Chemokine Expression: Mi-Sun Kang , Jin-Hee Kim , Boo-Ahn Shin , Hyun-Chul Lee , Youn-Shin Kim , Hae-Soon Lim , Jong-Suk Oh; J. Microbiol. 2013;51(6):844-849. Published online December 19, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-013-3015-y

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Chlorophyllin (CHL), a chlorophyll-derivative, exhibits several beneficial properties, including antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. However, its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities against Propionibacterium acnes have not been described. The antibacterial activity of this compound was evaluated in vitro using the broth microdilution
method
. CHL had an inhibitory effect on the growth of P. acnes (MIC = 100 μM). In a real-time reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, CHL significantly decreased interleukin-8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) production in a dose-dependent manner, decreasing both mRNA and protein levels for these chemokines in THP-1 cells indicating the anti-inflammatory effects of it. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory properties of CHL in THP-1 cells stimulated by P. acnes, we used western blotting to analyze the effect of CHL on activation of the nuclear factor (NF)-κB. CHL inhibited P. acnes-induced IL-8 and MCP-1 production via blockade of NF-κB activation in THP-1 cells. Therefore, based on these results, we suggest that CHL is a useful agent to control the growth of P. acnes involved in acne inflammation and prevent acne.

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Journal Article

Effects of Methyl Gallate and Gallic Acid on the Production of Inflammatory Mediators Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-8 by Oral Epithelial Cells Stimulated with Fusobacterium nucleatum: Mi-Sun Kang , Hee-Sook Jang , Jong-Suk Oh , Kyu-Ho Yang , Nam-Ki Choi , Hoi-Soon Lim , Seon-Mi Kim; J. Microbiol. 2009;47(6):760-767. Published online February 4, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-009-0097-7

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Abstract: Interactions between periodontal bacteria and human oral epithelial cells can lead to the activation and expression of a variety of inflammatory mediators in epithelial cells. Fusobacterium nucleatum is a filamentous human pathogen that is strongly associated with periodontal diseases. This study examined the effects of methyl gallate (MG) and gallic acid (GA) on the production of inflammatory mediators, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8, by oral epithelial cells stimulated by F. nucleatum. In a real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, live F. nucleatum induced high levels of gene expression and protein release of IL-6 and IL-8. The effects of MG and GA were examined by treating KB oral epithelial cells with MG and GA and stimulating them with F. nucleatum. MG and GA inhibited significantly the increases in the IL-6 and IL-8 gene and protein levels in a dose- dependent manner. These compounds also inhibited the growth of F. nucleatum. No visible effects of MG and GA on the adhesion and invasion of KB cells by F. nucleatum were observed. In conclusion, both MG and GA inhibit IL-6 and IL-8 production from F. nucleatum-activated KB cells.

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