Journal Article
- The antimicrobial potential of a new derivative of cathelicidin from Bungarus fasciatus against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
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Mercedeh Tajbakhsh , Abdollah Karimi , Abolghasem Tohidpour , Naser Abbasi , Fatemeh Fallah , Maziar Mohammad Akhavan
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J. Microbiol. 2018;56(2):128-137. Published online February 2, 2018
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-018-7444-5
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Abstract
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Cathelicidins are a family of antimicrobial peptides which exhibit
broad antimicrobial activities against antibiotic-resistant
bacteria. Considering the progressive antibiotic resistance,
cathelicidin is a candidate for use as an alternative approach
to treat and overcome the challenge of antimicrobial resistance.
Cathelicidin-BF (Cath-BF) is a short antimicrobial peptide,
which was originally extracted from the venom of Bungarus
fasciatus. Recent studies have reported that Cath-BF and some
related derivatives exert strong antimicrobial and weak hemolytic
properties. This study investigates the bactericidal
and cytotoxic effects of Cath-BF and its analogs (Cath-A and
Cath-B). Cath-A and Cath-B were designed to increase their
net positive charge, to have more activity against methicillin
resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The results of this study show
that Cath-A, with a +17-net charge, has the most noteworthy
antimicrobial activity against MRSA strains, with minimum
inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging between 32–128
μg/ml. The bacterial kinetic analysis by 1 × MIC concentration
of each peptide shows that Cath-A neutralizes the clinical
MRSA isolate for 60 min. The present data support the
notion that increasing the positive net charge of antimicrobial
peptides can increase their potential antimicrobial activity.
Cath-A also displayed the weakest cytotoxicity effect
against human umbilical vein endothelial and H9c2 rat cardiomyoblast
cell lines. Analysis of the hemolytic activity reveals
that all three peptides exhibit minor hemolytic activity
against human erythrocytes at concentrations up to 250 μg/ml.
Altogether, these results suggest that Cath-A and Cath-B are
competent candidates as novel antimicrobial compounds
against MRSA and possibly other multidrug resistant bacteria.
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Identification of tyrosine 71 as a critical residue for the cytotoxic activity of Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin towards MDCK cells
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Zhigang Jiang , Jitao Chang , Fang Wang , Li Yu
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J. Microbiol. 2015;53(2):141-146. Published online January 28, 2015
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-4523-8
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Abstract
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Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin (Etx) is an extremely
potent toxin, causing fatal enterotoxaemia in many animals.
Several amino acids in domains I and II have been proposed
to be critical for Etx to interact with MDCK cells. However,
the critical amino acids in domain III remain undefined.
Therefore, we assessed the effects of aromatic amino acids
in domain III on Etx activity in this study. All of the results
indicated that Y71 was critical for the cytotoxic activity of
Etx towards MDCK cells, and this activity was dependent
on the existence of an aromatic ring residue in position 71.
Additionally, mutations in Y71 did not affect the binding of
Etx to MDCK cells, indicating that Y71 is not a receptor binding
site for Etx. In summary, we identified an amino acid
in domain III that is important for the cytotoxic activity of
Etx, thereby providing information on the structure-function
relationship of Etx.
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Citations
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