Journal of Microbiology

Journal Article

Evolutionary analysis and protein family classification of chitin deacetylases in Cryptococcus neoformans: Seungsue Lee , Hyun Ah Kang , Seong-il Eyun; J. Microbiol. 2020;58(9):805-811. Published online September 1, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-0288-9

56 View
0 Download
5 Web of Science
4 Crossref

Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen causing cryptococcal meningoencephalitis. Interestingly, the cell wall of C. neoformans contains chitosan, which is critical for its virulence and persistence in the mammalian host. C. neoformans (H99) has three chitin deacetylases (CDAs), which convert chitin to chitosan. Herein, the classification of the chitin-related protein (CRP) family focused on cryptococcal CDAs was analyzed by phylogenetics, evolutionary pressure (dN/dS), and 3D modeling. A phylogenetic tree of 110 CRPs revealed that they can be divided into two clades, CRP I and II with bootstrap values (> 99%). CRP I clade comprises five groups (Groups 1–5) with a total of 20 genes, while CRP II clade comprises sixteen groups (Groups 6–21) with a total of 90 genes. CRP I comprises only fungal CDAs, including all three C. neoformans CDAs, whereas CRP II comprises diverse CDAs from fungi, bacteria, and amoeba, along with other carbohydrate esterase 4 family proteins. All CDAs have the signal peptide, except those from group 11. Notably, CDAs with the putative O-glycosylation site possess either the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor motif for CRP I or the chitin-binding domain (CBD) for CRP II, respectively. This evolutionary conservation strongly indicates that the O-glycosylation modification and the presence of either the GPI-anchor motif or the chitin-binding domain is important for fungal CDAs to function efficiently at the cell surface. This study reveals that C. neoformans CDAs carrying GPI anchors have evolved divergently from fungal and bacterial CDAs, providing new insights into evolution and classification of CRP family.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Chitin Deacetylase Homologous Gene cda Contributes to Development and Aflatoxin Synthesis in Aspergillus flavus
Xin Zhang, Meifang Wen, Guoqi Li, Shihua Wang
Toxins.2024; 16(5): 217. CrossRef
Effects of altered N-glycan structures of Cryptococcus neoformans mannoproteins, MP98 (Cda2) and MP84 (Cda3), on interaction with host cells
Su-Bin Lee, Catia Mota, Eun Jung Thak, Jungho Kim, Ye Ji Son, Doo-Byoung Oh, Hyun Ah Kang
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Novel Chitin Deacetylase from Thalassiosira weissflogii Highlights the Potential for Chitin Derivative Production
Mengzhen Cheng, Zhanru Shao, Xin Wang, Chang Lu, Shuang Li, Delin Duan
Metabolites.2023; 13(3): 429. CrossRef
Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis of Chitin Synthase Genes from the Deep-Sea Polychaete Branchipolynoe onnuriensis Genome
Hyeongwoo Choi, Sang Lyeol Kim, Man-Ki Jeong, Ok Hwan Yu, Seongil Eyun
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering.2022; 10(5): 598. CrossRef

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'ts

Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Infection and Genotype Distribution Determined by the Cyclic-Catcher Melting Temperature Analysis in Korean Medical Checkup Population: Yun-Jee Kim , Min-Jung Kwon , Hee-Yeon Woo , Soon-Young Paik; J. Microbiol. 2013;51(5):665-670. Published online September 14, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-013-3160-3

45 View
0 Download
4 Crossref

Abstract

Although cytology screening has reduced the incidence and mortality rate of cervical cancer significantly, its usefulness is limited to samples from the site of the lesion, resulting in its low sensitivity and unsuitability for use in medical checkups. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of HPV infection using genotype distribution and to analyze the correlation of the HPV DNA test results with cytological results. We also evaluated the benefits of quantitative information obtained from cyclic-catcher melting temperature analysis (CMTA) in screening for cervical cancer. We performed cyclic-CMTA using AnyplexTM II HPV28 Detection in combination with cervical cytology for 2,181 subjects. The following HPV positivity types were detected using cyclic-CMTA and HPV positivity was found to increase together with the severity of the cytology results: (1) For 419 HPV positive specimens, HPV DNA was detected in 18.1% of normal specimens, 78.3% of ASCUS, and all of LSIL and HSIL; (2) high-risk HPV DNAs were detected in 63.3% of normal (N=547), 65.9% of ASCUS (N=41), 76.9% of LSIL (N=13), and 88.9% of HSIL (N=9) among total detected HPV DNA regardless multiple detection; (3) multiple HPV genotypes were detected in 4.8% of normal specimens (N=2,146), 52.2% of ASCUS (N=23), 57.1% of LSIL (N=7), and 40.0% of HSIL (N=5). In addition, a high level of viral DNA was observed using cyclic-CMTA in all specimens beyond the LSIL stage according to cytology, while only 6% of specimens with normal cytology showed a correlation with viral quantitation by cyclic-CMTA. The combination of HPV genotyping with a quantitative assay and cytology will allow for a more accurate diagnosis of cervical cancer.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Comparative evaluation of HPV genotyping: A study on the performance concordance between Anyplex II HPV28 detection and Linear Array genotyping tests in nationwide studies in Brazil
Isabel Cristina Bandeira, Juliana Comerlato, Marina Bessel, Bruna Vieira Fernandes, Giana Mota, Luisa Lina Villa, Flávia Moreno Alves de Souza, Gerson Fernando Mendes Pereira, Eliana Marcia Wendland, Hideo Kato
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(6): e0305122. CrossRef
Use of swabs for dry collection of self-samples to detect human papillomavirus among Malagasy women
Pierre Vassilakos, Rosa Catarino, Stephanie Bougel, Maria Munoz, Caroline Benski, Ulrike Meyer-Hamme, Jeromine Jinoro, Josea Lea Heriniainasolo, Patrick Petignat
Infectious Agents and Cancer.2016;[Epub] CrossRef
Clinical Validation of Anyplex II HPV HR Detection Test for Cervical Cancer Screening in Korea
Sunkyung Jung, Byungdoo Lee, Kap No Lee, Yonggoo Kim, Eun-Jee Oh
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine.2016; 140(3): 276. CrossRef
Therapeutic potential of an AcHERV-HPV L1 DNA vaccine
Hee-Jung Lee, Jong Kwang Yoon, Yoonki Heo, Hansam Cho, Yeondong Cho, Yongdae Gwon, Kang Chang Kim, Jiwon Choi, Jae Sung Lee, Yu-Kyoung Oh, Young Bong Kim
Journal of Microbiology.2015; 53(6): 415. CrossRef

Enhancement of Immunotherapeutic Effects of HPV16E7 on Cervical Cancer by Fusion with CTLA4 Extracellular Region: Yi Zheng , Yijuan Zhang , Jun Wan , Chaofan Shi , Laiqiang Huang; J. Microbiol. 2008;46(6):728-736. Published online December 24, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-008-0087-1

36 View
0 Download
17 Scopus

Abstract: Cervical cancer is caused by infection by high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV), especially HPV16. Limitations in current treatments of cervical cancers call for the development of new and improved immunotherapies. This study aims at investigating the efficacy of a novel vaccine consisting of modified HPV 16E7 fused with human cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4). The regions in HPV16 E7 gene associated with its transformation and CTL-enhanced response were modified; the resultant HPV16mE7 was fused with extracellular region of CTLA4 to generate HPVm16E7-eCTLA4 fusion protein. Binding of this fusion protein to B7 molecules expressed on antigen presenting-cells (APCs) was demonstrated. C57BL/6 (H-2b) mice immunized with low dose of the fusion protein (10 μg) produced higher titer antibody and stronger specific CTL response, and expressed higher levels of IFN-γ and IL-12, compared with those immunized with HPVm16E7 only or admixture of HPVm16E7 and CTLA4, or PBS; and were protected from lethal dose tumor challenge. Tumor growth was retarded and survival prolonged in mouse models with the fusion protein treatment. Our results demonstrate that fusion of HPV16 E7 with eCTLA4 targeting APCs resulted in enhanced immunity, and that this fusion protein may be useful for improving the efficacy of immunotherapeutic treatments of cervical cancer and other HPV16 infection-associated tumors.

Review

Strategies Against Human Papillomavirus Infection and Cervical Cancer: Woon-Won Jung , Taehoon Chun , Donggeun Sul , Kwang Woo Hwang , Hyung-Sik Kang , Duck Joo Lee , In-Kwon Han; J. Microbiol. 2004;42(4):255-266.; DOI: https://doi.org/2112 [pii]

48 View
0 Download

Abstract: Papillomaviruses infect a wide variety of animals, including humans. The human papillomavirus (HPV), in particular, is one of the most common causes of sexually transmitted disease. More than 200 types of HPV have been identified by DNA sequence data, and 85 HPV genotypes have been well characterized to date. HPV can infect the basal epithelial cells of the skin or inner tissue linings, and are, accordingly, categorized as either cutaneous or mucosal type. HPV is associated with a panoply of clinical conditions, ranging from innocuous lesions to cervical cancer. In the early 1980s, studies first reported a link between cervical cancer and genital HPV infection. Genital HPV infections are now recognized to be a major risk factor in at least 95% of cervical cancers. 30 different HPV genotypes have been identified as causative of sexually transmitted diseases, most of which induce lesions in the cervix, vagina, vulva, penis, and anus, as the result of sexual contact. There is also direct evidence demonstrating that at least four of these genotypes are prerequisite factors in cervical cancer. The main aim of this review was to evaluate the current literature regarding the pathovirology, diagnostics, vaccines, therapy, risk groups, and further therapeutic directions for HPV infections. In addition, we reviewed the current status of HPV infections in South Korean women, as evidenced by our data.

First
Prev
Page of 1
Next
Last

Search