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- The Pectate Lyase Encoded by the pecCl1 Gene Is an Important Determinant for the Aggressiveness of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum
- Andréia Cnossen-Fassoni , Denise Mara Soares Bazzolli , Sérgio Hermínio Brommonschenkel , Elza Fernandes de Araújo , Marisa Vieira de Queiroz
- J. Microbiol. 2013;51(4):461-470. Published online August 30, 2013
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-013-3078-9
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- 14 Scopus
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Abstract
- Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is the causal agent of anthracnose in the common bean, and the genes that encode its cell-wall-degrading enzymes are crucial for the development of the disease. Pectinases are the most important group of cell wall-degrading enzymes produced by phytopathogenic fungi. The pecC1l gene, which encodes a pectate lyase in C. lindemuthianum, was isolated and characterized. Possible cis-regulatory elements and transcription factor binding sites that may be involved in the regulation of genetic expression were detected in the promoter region of the gene. pecCl1 is represented by a single copy in the genome of C. lindemuthianum, though in silico analyses of the genomes of Colletotrichum graminicola and Colletotrichum higginsianum suggest that the genome of C. lindemuthianum includes other genes that encode pectate lyases. Phylogenetic analysis detected two groups that clustered based on different members of the pectate lyase family. Analysis of the differential expression of pecCl1 during different stages of infection showed a significant increase in pecCl1 expression five days after infection, at the onset of the necrotrophic phase. The split-maker technique proved to be an efficient method for inactivation of the pecCl1 gene, which allowed functional study of a mutant with a site-specific integration. Though gene inactivation did not result in complete loss of pectate lyase activity, the symptoms of anthracnose were reduced. Analysis of pectate lyases might not only contribute to the understanding of anthracnose in the common bean but might also lead to the discovery of an additional target for controlling anthracnose.
- Beginning to Understand the Role of Sugar Carriers in Colletotrichum lindemuthianum: the Function of the Gene mfs1
- Monalessa Fábia Pereira , Carolina Maria de Araújo dos Santos , Elza Fernandes de Araújo , Marisa Vieira de Queiroz , Denise Mara Soares Bazzolli
- J. Microbiol. 2013;51(1):70-81. Published online March 2, 2013
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-013-2393-5
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- 0 Download
- 18 Scopus
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Abstract
- Fungi of the Colletotrichum genus are among the most prominent phytopathogens that cause diseases with a considerable economic impact, such as anthracnose. The hemibiotrophic fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (teleomorph Glomerella cingulata f. sp. phaseoli) is the causal agent of the anthracnose of the common bean; and similarly to other phytopathogens, it uses multiple strategies to gain access to different carbon sources from its host. In this study, we examine mfs1, a newly identified C. lindemuthianum hexose transporter. The mfs1 gene is expressed only during the necrotrophic phase of the fungus’ interaction within the plant and allows it to utilize the available sugars during this phase. The deletion of mfs1 gene resulted in differential growth of the fungus in a medium that contained glucose, mannose or fructose as the only carbon source. This study is the first to describe a hexose transporter in the hemibiotrophic pathogen C. lindemuthianum and to demonstrate the central role of this protein in capturing carbon sources during the necrotrophic development of the plant/pathogen interaction.
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