Journal of Microbiology

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Arctic lichen Cladonia borealis-induced cell death is mediated by p53-independent activation of Caspase-9 and PARP-1 signaling in human colorectal cancer cell lines: Ju-Mi Hong, Seul Ki Min, Kyung Hee Kim, Se Jong Han, Joung Han Yim, Sojin Kim, Youn-Jung Kim, Il-Chan Kim; J. Microbiol. 2025;63(4):e2412012. Published online April 29, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.71150/jm.2412012

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Abstract PDF: The anti-cancer effects of Cladonia borealis (an Arctic lichen) methanol extract (CBME) on human colon carcinoma HCT116 cells were investigated for the first time. The proliferation of the HCT116 cells treated with CBME significantly decreased in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometry results indicated that treatment with CBME resulted in significant apoptosis in the HCT116 cells. Furthermore, immunoblotting and qRT-PCR results revealed the expression of apoptosis-related marker genes and indicated a significant downregulation of the apoptosis regulator B-cell lymphoma expression and upregulation of the cleaved form of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase as DNA repair and apoptosis regulators and central tumor suppressor p53. Therefore, CBME significantly inhibited cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in colon carcinoma cells. Collectively, these data suggested that CBME contained one or more compounds with anti-cancer effects and could be a potential therapeutic agent. Further studies are required to identify candidate compounds and understand the mechanism of action of CBME.

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Crystal structure of the inactive state of the receiver domain of Spo0A from Paenisporosarcina sp. TG-14, a psychrophilic bacterium isolated from an Antarctic glacier: Chang Woo Lee , Sun-Ha Park , Sung Gu Lee , Seung Chul Shin , Se Jong Han , Han-Woo Kim , Hyun Ho Park , Sunghwan Kim , Hak Jun Kim , Hyun Park , HaJeung Park , Jun Hyuck Lee; J. Microbiol. 2017;55(6):464-474. Published online March 9, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-017-6599-9

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The two-component phosphorelay system is the most pre-valent mechanism for sensing and transducing environ-mental signals in bacteria. Spore formation, which relies on the two-component phosphorelay system, enables the long- term survival of the glacial bacterium Paenisporosarcina sp. TG-14 in the extreme cold environment. Spo0A is a key re-sponse regulator of the phosphorelay system in the early stage of spore formation. The protein is composed of a regu-latory N-terminal phospho-receiver domain and a DNA- binding C-terminal activator domain. We solved the three- dimensional structure of the unphosphorylated (inactive) form of the receiver domain of Spo0A (PaSpo0A-R) from Paenisporosarcina sp. TG-14. A structural comparison with phosphorylated (active form) Spo0A from Bacillus stearo-thermophilus (BsSpo0A) showed minor notable differences. A molecular dynamics study of a model of the active form and the crystal structures revealed significant differences in the α4 helix and the preceding loop region where phosphorylation occurs. Although an oligomerization study of PaSpo0A-R by analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) has shown that the protein is in a monomeric state in solution, both crosslinking and crystal-packing analyses indicate the possibility of weak dimer formation by a previously undocumented mechanism. Collectively, these observations provide insight into the me-chanism of phosphorylation-dependent activation unique to Spo0A.

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Identification of Functional Spo0A Residues Critical for Sporulation in Clostridioides difficile
Michael A. DiCandia, Adrianne N. Edwards, Joshua B. Jones, Grace L. Swaim, Brooke D. Mills, Shonna M. McBride
Journal of Molecular Biology.2022; 434(13): 167641. CrossRef

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Identification of Proteolytic Bacteria from the Arctic Chukchi Sea Expedition Cruise and Characterization of Cold-active Proteases: Ha Ju Park , Yung Mi Lee , Sunghui Kim , Ah Ram Wi , Se Jong Han , Han-Woo Kim , Il-Chan Kim , Joung Han Yim , Dockyu Kim; J. Microbiol. 2014;52(10):825-833. Published online August 27, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-014-4226-6

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Abstract

Following collection of seawater samples during an Arctic Chukchi Sea expedition cruise of the Korean icebreaker Araon in 2012, a total of 15,696 bacteria were randomly isolated from Marine Broth 2216 agar plates. Of these, 2,526 (16%) showed proteolytic activity and were identified as mainly Alteromonas (31%), Staphylococcus (27%), and Pseudoalteromonas (14%). Among the proteolytic strains, seven were selected based on their significant ability to grow and produce a halo on skim milk plates at low temperatures (<5°C) owing to cold-active proteases. These strains were affiliated with the genus Pseudoalteromonas and were divided into three groups based on phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA genes. Profiling cell membrane fatty acids confirmed the 16S rRNA-based differentiation and revealed the accordance between the two analyses. Seven genes for serine protease precursors were amplified from the corresponding strains, and based on sequence similarities, these genes were divided into three groups that were identical to those identified by the 16S rRNA phylogenetic analysis. Three protease genes from the representative strains of each group were composed of 2,127–2,130 bp, encoding 708–709 amino acids, and these genes yielded products with calculated molecular weights of approximately 72.3–72.8 kDa. Amino acid sequence analysis suggested that the precursors are members of the subtilase serine endo- and exo-peptidase clan and contain four domains (signal peptide, N-terminal prosequence, catalytic domain, and two pre-peptidase C-terminal domains). Upon expression in E. coli, each recombinant protease exhibited proteolytic activity on zymogram gels.

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Environmental Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
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Shira Givati, Elena Forchielli, Dikla Aharonovich, Noga Barak, Osnat Weissberg, Natalia Belkin, Eyal Rahav, Daniel Segrè, Daniel Sher, Jennifer F. Biddle
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Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography.2023; 207: 105224. CrossRef
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Zhengfeng Yang, Zhendi Huang, Qian Wu, Xianghua Tang, Zunxi Huang
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(10): 8532. CrossRef
Description of Polaribacter batillariae sp. nov., Polaribacter cellanae sp. nov., and Polaribacter pectinis sp. nov., novel bacteria isolated from the gut of three types of South Korean shellfish
Su-Won Jeong, Jeong Eun Han, June-Young Lee, Ji-Ho Yoo, Do-Yeon Kim, In Chul Jeong, Jee-Won Choi, Yun-Seok Jeong, Jae-Yun Lee, So-Yeon Lee, Euon Jung Tak, Hojun Sung, Hyun Sik Kim, Pil Soo Kim, Dong-Wook Hyun, Jin-Woo Bae
Journal of Microbiology.2022; 60(6): 576. CrossRef
Proteases from the marine bacteria in the genus Pseudoalteromonas: diversity, characteristics, ecological roles, and application potentials
Xiu-Lan Chen, Yan Wang, Peng Wang, Yu-Zhong Zhang
Marine Life Science & Technology.2020; 2(4): 309. CrossRef
Characterization of balofloxacin-stressed proteomics and identification of balofloxacin-binding proteins pre-peptidase and integration host factor in Edwardsiella tarda
Qi Wen, Xian-jie Liu, Wei-cong Zhu, Lu Li, Min-yi Li, Xuna-xian Peng, Hui Li
Journal of Proteomics.2019; 205: 103413. CrossRef
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Jean-Étienne R.L. Morlighem, Gandhi Radis-Baptista
Current Protein & Peptide Science.2019; 20(4): 334. CrossRef
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Shengwei Hou, Mario López-Pérez, Ulrike Pfreundt, Natalia Belkin, Kurt Stüber, Bruno Huettel, Richard Reinhardt, Ilana Berman-Frank, Francisco Rodriguez-Valera, Wolfgang R Hess
The ISME Journal.2018; 12(4): 981. CrossRef

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