Journal of Microbiology

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Whole-genome characterization and global phylogenetic comparison of cefotaxime-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from broiler chickens: Shahana Ahmed, Tridip Das, Chandan Nath, Tahia Ahmed, Keya Ghosh, Pangkaj Kumar Dhar, Ana Herrero-Fresno, Himel Barua, Paritosh Kumar Biswas, Md Zohorul Islam, John Elmerdahl Olsen; J. Microbiol. 2025;63(4):e2412009. Published online April 29, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.71150/jm.2412009

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a serious threat to public health, with the emergence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in Enterobacteriaceae, particularly Escherichia coli, raising significant concerns. This study aims to elucidate the drivers of antimicrobial resistance, and the global spread of cefotaxime-resistant E. coli (CREC) strains. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed to explore genome-level characteristics, and phylogenetic analysis was conducted to compare twenty CREC strains from this study, which were isolated from broiler chicken farms in Bangladesh, with a global collection (n = 456) of CREC strains from multiple countries and hosts. The MIC analysis showed over 70% of strains isolated from broiler chickens exhibiting MIC values ≥ 256 mg/L for cefotaxime. Notably, 85% of the studied farms (17/20) tested positive for CREC by the end of the production cycle, with CREC counts increasing from 0.83 ± 1.75 log10 CFU/g feces on day 1 to 5.24 ± 0.72 log10 CFU/g feces by day 28. WGS revealed the presence of multiple resistance genes, including bla_CTX-M, which was found in 30% of the strains. Phylogenetic comparison showed that the Bangladeshi strains were closely related to strains from diverse geographical regions and host species. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the molecular epidemiology of CREC. The close phylogenetic relationships between Bangladeshi and global strains demonstrate the widespread presence of cefotaxime-resistant bacteria and emphasize the importance of monitoring AMR in food-producing animals to mitigate the spread of resistant strains.

Review

Small regulatory RNAs as key modulators of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria: Yubin Yang, Hana Hyeon, Minju Joo, Kangseok Lee, Eunkyoung Shin; J. Microbiol. 2025;63(4):e2501027. Published online April 2, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.71150/jm.2501027

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Abstract PDF: The escalating antibiotic resistance crisis poses a significant challenge to global public health, threatening the efficacy of current treatments and driving the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens. Among the various factors associated with bacterial antibiotic resistance, small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) have emerged as pivotal post-transcriptional regulators which orchestrate bacterial adaptation to antibiotic pressure via diverse mechanisms. This review consolidates the current knowledge on sRNA-mediated mechanisms, focusing on drug uptake, drug efflux systems, lipopolysaccharides, cell wall modification, biofilm formation, and mutagenesis. Recent advances in transcriptomics and functional analyses have revealed novel sRNAs and their regulatory networks, expanding our understanding of resistance mechanisms. These findings highlight the potential of targeting sRNA-mediated pathways as an innovative therapeutic strategy to combat antibiotic resistance, and offer promising avenues for managing challenging bacterial infections.

Research Article

PneusPage: A WEB-BASED TOOL for the analysis of Whole-Genome Sequencing Data of Streptococcus pneumonia: Eunju Hong, Youngjin Shin, Hyunseong Kim, Woo Young Cho, Woo-Hyun Song, Seung-Hyun Jung, Minho Lee; J. Microbiol. 2025;63(1):e.2409020. Published online January 24, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.71150/jm.2409020

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material: With the advent of whole-genome sequencing, opportunities to investigate the population structure, transmission patterns, antimicrobial resistance profiles, and virulence determinants of Streptococcus pneumoniae at high resolution have been increasingly expanding. Consequently, a user-friendly bioinformatics tool is needed to automate the analysis of Streptococcus pneumoniae whole-genome sequencing data, summarize clinically relevant genomic features, and further guide treatment options. Here, we developed PneusPage, a web-based tool that integrates functions for species prediction, molecular typing, drug resistance determination, and data visualization of Streptococcus pneumoniae. To evaluate the performance of PneusPage, we analyzed 80 pneumococcal genomes with different serotypes from the Global Pneumococcal Sequencing Project and compared the results with those from another platform, PathogenWatch. We observed a high concordance between the two platforms in terms of serotypes (100% concordance rate), multilocus sequence typing (100% concordance rate), penicillin-binding protein typing (88.8% concordance rate), and the Global Pneumococcal Sequencing Clusters (98.8% concordance rate). In addition, PneusPage offers integrated analysis functions for the detection of virulence and mobile genetic elements that are not provided by previous platforms. By automating the analysis pipeline, PneusPage makes whole-genome sequencing data more accessible to non-specialist users, including microbiologists, epidemiologists, and clinicians, thereby enhancing the utility of whole-genome sequencing in both research and clinical settings. PneusPage is available at https://pneuspage.minholee.net/.

Journal Articles

Characterization and Comparative Genomic Analysis of vB_BceM_CEP1: A Novel Temperate Bacteriophage Infecting Burkholderia cepacia Complex: Momen Askoura, Eslam K Fahmy, Safya E Esmaeel, Wael A H Hegazy, Aliaa Abdelghafar; J. Microbiol. 2024;62(11):1035-1055. Published online November 18, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00185-2

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Abstract: The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria imminently threatens public health and jeopardizes nearly all aspects of modern medicine. The Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) comprises Burkholderia cepacia and the related species of Gram-negative bacteria. Members of the Bcc group are opportunistic pathogens responsible for various chronic illnesses, including cystic fibrosis and chronic granulomatous disease. Phage therapy is emerging as a potential solution to combat the antimicrobial resistance crisis. In this study, a temperate phage vB_BceM_CEP1 was isolated from sewage and fully characterized. Transmission electron microscopy indicated that vB_BceM_CEP1 belongs to the family Peduoviridae. The isolated phage demonstrated enhanced environmental stability and antibiofilm potential. One-step growth analysis revealed a latent period of 30 min and an average burst size of 139 plaque-forming units per cell. The genome of vB_BceM_CEP1 consists of 32,486 bp with a GC content of 62.05%. A total of 40 open reading frames were annotated in the phage genome, and none of the predicted genes was annotated as tRNA. Notably, genes associated with antibiotic resistance, host virulence factors, and toxins were absent from the vB_BceM_CEP1 genome. Based on its unique phenotype and phylogeny, the isolated phage vB_BceM_CEP1 is classified as a new temperate phage with lytic activity. The findings of this study enhance our understanding of the diversity of Bcc phages.

Mammaliicoccus sciuri's Pan-Immune System and the Dynamics of Horizontal Gene Transfer Among Staphylococcaceae: a One-Health CRISPR Tale: Allan de Carvalho, Marcia Giambiagi-deMarval, Ciro César Rossi; J. Microbiol. 2024;62(9):775-784. Published online July 22, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00156-7

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Abstract

Recently emancipated from the Staphylococcus genus due to genomic differences, Mammaliicoccus sciuri, previously classified as an occasional pathogen, emerges as a significant player in the landscape of resistance gene dissemination among Staphylococcaceae. Despite its classification, its role remained enigmatic. In this study, we delved into the genomic repertoire of M. sciuri to unravel its contribution to resistance and virulence gene transfer in the context of One Health. Through comprehensive analysis of publicly available genomes, we unveiled a diverse pan-immune system adept at defending against exogenous genetic elements, yet concurrently fostering horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Specifically, exploration of CRISPR-Cas systems, with spacer sequences as molecular signatures, elucidated a global dissemination pattern spanning environmental, animal, and human hosts. Notably, we identified the integration of CRISPR-Cas systems within SCCmecs (Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec), harboring key genes associated with pathogenicity and resistance, especially the methicillin resistance gene mecA, suggesting a strategic adaptation to outcompete other mobile genetic elements. Our findings underscored M. sciuri's active engagement in HGT dynamics and evolutionary trajectories within Staphylococcaceae, emphasizing its central role in shaping microbial communities and highlighting the significance of understanding its implications in the One Health framework, an interdisciplinary approach that recognizes the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health to address global health challenges.

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From Farm to Community: Dispersal of Potentially Pathogenic Staphylococcus and Mammaliicoccus Species and Antimicrobial Resistance Across Shared Environments
Faizan Ahmad, Samuel Sathler Martuchelle, Ana Luisa Andrade-Oliveira, Vitor Emanuel Lanes Viana, Maria Antônia Silva Melo Sousa, Felipe Sicchierolli da Silveira, Marisa Alves Nogueira-Diaz, Monalessa Fábia Pereira, Marcia Giambiagi-deMarval, Ciro César Ro
Current Microbiology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Genomic insights into multidrug and heavy metal resistance in Chryseobacterium sp. BI5 isolated from sewage sludge
Mrinmoy Patra, Anand Kumar Pandey, Suresh Kumar Dubey
Total Environment Microbiology.2025; 1(1): 100005. CrossRef

Delineating the Acquired Genetic Diversity and Multidrug Resistance in Alcaligenes from Poultry Farms and Nearby Soil: Abhilash Bhattacharjee, Anil Kumar Singh; J. Microbiol. 2024;62(7):511-523. Published online June 21, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00129-w

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Abstract

Alcaligenes faecalis is one of the most important and clinically significant environmental pathogens, increasing in importance due to its isolation from soil and nosocomial environments. The Gram-negative soil bacterium is associated with skin endocarditis, bacteremia, dysentery, meningitis, endophthalmitis, urinary tract infections, and pneumonia in patients. With emerging antibiotic resistance in A. faecalis, it has become crucial to understand the origin of such resistance genes within this clinically significant environmental and gut bacterium. In this research, we studied the impact of antibiotic overuse in poultry and its effect on developing resistance in A. faecalis. We sampled soil and faecal materials from five poultry farms, performed whole genome sequencing & analysis and identified four strains of A. faecalis. Furthermore, we characterized the genes in the genomic islands of A. faecalis isolates. We found four multidrug-resistant A. faecalis strains that showed resistance against vancomycin (MIC >1000 μg/ml), ceftazidime (50 μg/ml), colistin (50 μg/ml) and ciprofloxacin (50 μg/ml). From whole genome comparative analysis, we found more than 180 resistance genes compared to the reference sequence. Parts of our assembled contigs were found to be similar to different bacteria which included pbp1A and pbp2 imparting resistance to amoxicillin originally a part of Helicobacter and Bordetella pertussis. We also found the Mycobacterial insertion element IS6110 in the genomic islands of all four genomes. This prominent insertion element can be transferred and induce resistance to other bacterial genomes. The results thus are crucial in understanding the transfer of resistance genes in the environment and can help in developing regimes for antibiotic use in the food and poultry industry.

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First Case of Respiratory Infection in Rabbits Caused by Alcaligenes faecalis in Romania
Vlad Iorgoni, Ionica Iancu, Ionela Popa, Alexandru Gligor, Gabriel Orghici, Bogdan Sicoe, Corina Badea, Cristian Dreghiciu, Călin Pop, Timea Bochiș, Janos Degi, Luminita Costinar, Corina Pascu, Viorel Herman
Veterinary Sciences.2025; 12(1): 33. CrossRef

Letter

Proposal of Flavihumibacter fluvii sp. nov. as a replacement name for the effectively published but invalidated epithet Flavihumibacter fluminis Park et al. 2022: Miri S. Park , Hyeonuk Sa , Ilnam Kang , Jang-Cheon Cho; J. Microbiol. 2023;61(6):649-651. Published online June 12, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-023-00057-1

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Abstract

The name Flavihumibacter fluminis Park et al. 2022, which was effectively published but invalidated, is an illegitimate homonymic epithet of Flavihumibacter fluminis Guo et al. 2023. The low 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and genomic relatedness between the type strains IMCC34837T and RY-1T of the two homonymic species indicated that they are different species. To avoid further confusion, we propose a new name Flavihumibacter fluvii sp. nov. to replace the effectively published but invalidated homonymic epithet Flavihumibacter fluminis Park et al. 2022.

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Validation List no. 214. Valid publication of new names and new combinations effectively published outside the IJSEM
Aharon Oren, Markus Göker
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2023;[Epub] CrossRef

Journal Articles

The Revision of Lichen Flora Around Maxwell Bay, King George Island, Maritime Antarctic: Jae Eun So , Josef P. Halda , Soon Gyu Hong , Jae&# , Ji Hee Kim; J. Microbiol. 2023;61(2):159-173. Published online February 27, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-023-00015-x

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Abstract

Since the floristic study of lichens at the Barton and Weaver Peninsulas of King George Island in 2006, there have been intense investigations of the lichen flora of the two peninsulas as well as that of Fildes Peninsula and Ardley Island in Maxwell Bay, King George Island, South Shetland Islands, maritime Antarctic. In this study, a total of 104 species belonging to 53 genera, are identified from investigations of lichens that were collected in austral summer seasons from 2008 to 2016. Phenotypic and molecular analyses were incorporated for taxonomic identification. In particular, 31 species are found to be endemic to the Antarctic and 22 species are newly recorded to the Maxwell Bay region. Lepra dactylina, Stereocaulon caespitosum, and Wahlenbergiella striatula are newly recorded in the Antarctic, and the previously reported taxon Cladonia furcata is excluded from the formerly recorded list due to misidentification. We also provide ecological and geographical information about lichen associations and habitat preferences.

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Lichens of Larsemann Hills and adjacent oases in the area of Prydz Bay (Princess Elizabeth Land and MacRobertson Land, Antarctica)
Mikhail Andreev (Mихаил АНДРЕЕВ)
Polar Science.2023; 38: 101009. CrossRef

Varicella‑Zoster Virus ORF39 Transmembrane Protein Suppresses Interferon‑Beta Promoter Activation by Interacting with STING: Gwang Myeong Lee , Shuang Gong , Seong&# , Hyemin Ko , Woo&# , Jihyun Lee , Ok Sarah Shin , Jin&#; J. Microbiol. 2023;61(2):259-270. Published online February 20, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-023-00019-7

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Abstract: Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV) causes varicella in primary infection of children and zoster during reactivation in adults. Type I interferon (IFN) signaling suppresses VZV growth, and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) plays an important role in anti-VZV responses by regulating type I IFN signaling. VZV-encoded proteins are shown to inhibit STING-mediated activation of the IFN-β promoter. However, the mechanisms by which VZV regulates STING-mediated signaling pathways are largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that the transmembrane protein encoded by VZV open reading frame (ORF) 39 suppresses STING-mediated IFN-β production by interacting with STING. In IFN-β promoter reporter assays, ORF39 protein (ORF39p) inhibited STING-mediated activation of the IFN-β promoter. ORF39p interacted with STING in co-transfection assays, and this interaction was comparable to that of STING dimerization. The cytoplasmic N-terminal 73 amino acids region of ORF39P was not necessary for ORF39 binding and suppression of STING-mediated IFN-β activation. ORF39p also formed a complex containing both STING and TBK1. A recombinant VZV expressing HA-tagged ORF39 was produced using bacmid mutagenesis and showed similar growth to its parent virus. During HA-ORF39 virus infection, the expression level of STING was markedly reduced, and HA-ORF39 interacted with STING. Moreover, HA-ORF39 also colocalized with glycoprotein K (encoded by ORF5) and STING at the Golgi during virus infection. Our results demonstrate that the transmembrane protein ORF39p of VZV plays a role in evading the type I IFN responses by suppressing STINGmediated activation of the IFN-β promoter.

Functional analysis of ascP in Aeromonas veronii TH0426 reveals a key role in the regulation of virulence: Yongchao Guan , Meng Zhang , Yingda Wang , Zhongzhuo Liu , Zelin Zhao , Hong Wang , Dingjie An , Aidong Qian , Yuanhuan Kang , Wuwen Sun , Xiaofeng Shan; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(12):1153-1161. Published online November 10, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-2373-8

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Abstract

Aeromonas veronii is a pathogen which can induce diseases in humans, animals and aquatic organisms, but its pathogenic mechanism and virulence factors are still elusive. In this study, we successfully constructed a mutant strain (ΔascP) by homologous recombination. The results showed that the deletion of the ascP gene significantly down-regulated the expression of associated effector proteins in A. veronii compared to its wild type. The adhesive and invasive abilities of ΔascP to EPC cells were 0.82-fold lower in contrast to the wild strain. The toxicity of ΔascP to cells was decreased by about 2.91-fold (1 h) and 1.74-fold (2 h). Furthermore, the LD50 of the mutant strain of crucian carp was reduced by 19.94-fold, and the virulence was considerably attenuated. In contrast to the wild strain, the ΔascP content in the liver and spleen was considerably lower. The titers of serum cytokines (IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-1β) in crucian carp after the infection of the ΔascP strain were considerably lower in contrast to the wild strain. Hence, the ascP gene is essential for the etiopathogenesis of A. veronii TH0426.

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Complete genome sequence and genome-wide transposon mutagenesis enable the determination of genes required for sodium hypochlorite tolerance and drug resistance in pathogen Aeromonas veronii GD2019
Yifan Bu, Chengyu Liu, Yabo Liu, Wensong Yu, Tingjin Lv, Yuanxing Zhang, Qiyao Wang, Yue Ma, Shuai Shao
Microbiological Research.2024; 284: 127731. CrossRef
Construction of the flagellin F mutant of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and its toxic effects on silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus) cells
Yang Li, Chao Liu, Yuechen Sun, Ruijun Wang, Choufei Wu, Hanqu Zhao, Liqin Zhang, Dawei Song, Quanxin Gao
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules.2024; 259: 129395. CrossRef
Ferric uptake regulator (fur) affects the pathogenicity of Aeromonas veronii TH0426 by regulating flagellar assembly and biofilm formation
Jin-shuo Gong, Ying-da Wang, Yan-long Jiang, Di Zhang, Ya-nan Cai, Xiao-feng Shan, He Gong, Hao Dong
Aquaculture.2024; 580: 740361. CrossRef

Differences in the methanogen community between the nearshore and offshore sediments of the South Yellow Sea: Ye Chen , Yu Zhen , Jili Wan , Siqi Li , Jiayin Liu , Guodong Zhang , Tiezhu Mi; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(8):814-822. Published online July 14, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-2022-2

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Abstract

The differences in methanogen abundance and community composition were investigated between nearshore and offshore sediments in the South Yellow Sea (SYS). Shannon, Simpson, and Chao1 indices revealed a higher diversity of methanogens in the nearshore sediments than in the offshore sediments. The Mann–Whitney U test demonstrated that the relative abundance of Methanococcoides was significantly higher in the offshore sediments, while the relative abundances of Methanogenium, Methanosarcina, Methanosaeta, Methanolinea, and Methanomassiliicoccus were significantly higher in the nearshore sediments (P < 0.05). The abundance of the mcrA gene in the nearshore sediments was significantly higher than that in the offshore sediments. Furthermore, a similar vertical distribution of the methanogen and sulfatereducing bacteria (SRB) abundances was observed in the SYS sediments, implying there is potential cooperation between these two functional microbes in this environment. Finally, total organic carbon (TOC) was significantly correlated with methanogen community composition.

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Methylmercury cycling in the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea: Reasons for the low system efficiency of methylmercury production
Lufeng Chen, Guoyi Cheng, Zhengwen Zhou, Yong Liang, Zhijia Ci, Yongguang Yin, Guangliang Liu, Yong Cai, Yanbin Li
Water Research.2024; 258: 121792. CrossRef
Diversity, composition, metabolic characteristics, and assembly process of the microbial community in sewer system at the early stage
Yiming Yuan, Guangyi Zhang, Hongyuan Fang, Haifeng Guo, Yongkang Li, Zezhuang Li, Siwei Peng, Fuming Wang
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Improved Quantitative Real-Time PCR Protocol for Detection and Quantification of Methanogenic Archaea in Stool Samples
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Description of Flavobacterium cyclinae sp. nov. and Flavobacterium channae sp. nov., isolated from the intestines of Cyclina sinensis (Corb shell) and Channa argus (Northern snakehead): Seomin Kang , Jae-Yun Lee , Jeong Eun Han , Yun-Seok Jeong , Do-Hun Gim , Jin-Woo Bae; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(9):890-898. Published online June 22, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-2075-2

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Abstract

Two novel bacterial strains, KSM-R2A25T and KSM-R2A30T, were isolated from intestines of Cyclina sinensis (corb shell) and Channa argus (northern snakehead), respectively. Both specimens were collected in Korea. The strains were Gramstain- negative, non-motile, and strictly aerobic. According to phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, strains belonged to the genus Flavobacterium within the family Flavobacteriaceae. 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains KSMR2A25T and KSM-R2A30T were closely related to Flavobacterium cucumis DSM 18830T and Flavobacterium aquaticum JC164T with sequence similarities of 97.77% and 98.54%, respectively. Further genomic analyses including reconstruction of the UBCG tree and overall genome-related indices suggested them as novel species of the genus Flavobacterium. Both strains contained menaquinone with six isoprene units (MK-6) as a major isoprenoid quinone and iso-C15:1 G, iso- C15:0, and iso-C16:0 as major cellular fatty acids. The major polar lipid in both strains was phosphatidylethanolamine. The genomic G + C contents of strains KSM-R2A25T and KSMR2A30T were 31.7 and 31.9%, respectively. Based on the polyphasic taxonomic study presented here, strains KSM-R2A25T and KSM-R2A30T represent novel species of the genus Flavobacterium, for which the names Flavobacterium cyclinae sp. nov and Flavobacterium channae sp. nov are proposed. The type strains of F. cyclinae sp. nov and F. channae sp. nov are KSM-R2A25T (= KCTC 82978T = JCM 34997T) and KSMR2A30T (= KCTC 82979T = JCM 34998T), respectively.

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Flavobacterium rivulicola sp. nov., Isolated from a Freshwater Stream
Sumin Kim, Miri S. Park, Ilnam Kang, Jang-Cheon Cho
Current Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Comprehensive genome analysis of five novel flavobacteria: Flavobacterium piscisymbiosum sp. nov., Flavobacterium pisciphilum sp. nov., Flavobacterium flavipigmentatum sp. nov., Flavobacterium lipolyticum sp. nov. and Flavobacterium cupriresistens sp. nov
Izzet Burcin Saticioglu, Hilal Ay, Soner Altun, Nihed Ajmi, Enes Said Gunduz, Huban Gocmen, Muhammed Duman
Systematic and Applied Microbiology.2024; 47(4): 126518. CrossRef
The first report of submandibular lymph node infection with Flavobacterium ceti in a horse and its complete genome sequence
Seung-Ho Ryu, Beomsoon Jang, Byung-Sun Kim, Kun Taek Park
Microbial Pathogenesis.2024; 197: 107096. CrossRef
Rhodobacteraceae are Prevalent and Ecologically Crucial Bacterial Members in Marine Biofloc Aquaculture
Meora Rajeev, Jang-Cheon Cho
Journal of Microbiology.2024; 62(11): 985. CrossRef
Congregibacter variabilis sp. nov. and Congregibacter brevis sp. nov. Within the OM60/NOR5 Clade, Isolated from Seawater, and Emended Description of the Genus Congregibacter
Hyeonsu Tak, Miri S. Park, Hyerim Cho, Yeonjung Lim, Jang-Cheon Cho
Journal of Microbiology.2024; 62(9): 739. CrossRef
An update on novel taxa and revised taxonomic status of bacteria isolated from aquatic host species described in 2022–2023
Claire R. Burbick, Sara D. Lawhon, Brittany Bukouras, Giovanna Lazzerini, Erik Munson, Romney M. Humphries
Journal of Clinical Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Transcriptomic insights into the immune response of the intestine to Aeromonas veronii infection in northern snakehead (Channa argus)
Peng Sun, Di Zhang, Na Li, Xiao-Fei Li, Yi-Han Ma, Hui Li, Ye Tian, Tao Wang, Shahrood Ahmed Siddiquid, Wu-wen Sun, Lei Zhang, Xiao-Feng Shan, Chun-Feng Wang, Ai-Dong Qian, Dong-Xing Zhang
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety.2023; 255: 114825. CrossRef
Ten Novel Species Belonging to the Genus Flavobacterium, Isolated from Freshwater Environments: F. praedii sp. nov., F. marginilacus sp. nov., F. aestivum sp. nov., F. flavigenum sp. nov., F. luteolum sp. nov., F. gelatinilyticum sp. nov., F. aquiphilum s
Hyunyoung Jo, Miri S. Park, Yeonjung Lim, Ilnam Kang, Jang-Cheon Cho
Journal of Microbiology.2023; 61(5): 495. CrossRef
Validation List no. 209. Valid publication of new names and new combinations effectively published outside the IJSEM
Aharon Oren, Markus Göker
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2023;[Epub] CrossRef

Effects of tryptophan and phenylalanine on tryptophol production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae revealed by transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses: Xiaowei Gong , Huajun Luo , Liu Hong , Jun Wu , Heng Wu , Chunxia Song , Wei Zhao , Yi Han , Ya Dao , Xia Zhang , Donglai Zhu , Yiyong Luo; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(8):832-842. Published online May 27, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-2059-2

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Abstract

Tryptophol (TOL) is a metabolic derivative of tryptophan (Trp) and shows pleiotropic effects in humans, plants and microbes. In this study, the effect of Trp and phenylalanine (Phe) on TOL production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae was determined, and a systematic interpretation of TOL accumulation was offered by transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses. Trp significantly promoted TOL production, but the output plateaued (231.02−266.31 mg/L) at Trp concentrations ≥ 0.6 g/L. In contrast, Phe reduced the stimulatory effect of Trp, which was strongly dependent on the Phe concentration. An integrated genomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analysis revealed that the effect of Trp and Phe on TOL production was mainly related to the transamination and decarboxylation of the Ehrlich pathway. Additionally, other genes, including thiamine regulon genes (this), the allantoin catabolic genes dal1, dal2, dal4, and the transcriptional activator gene aro80, may play important roles. These findings were partly supported by the fact that the thi4 gene was involved in TOL production, as shown by heterologous expression analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this novel biological function of thi4 in S. cerevisiae is reported here for the first time. Overall, our findings provide insights into the mechanism of TOL production, which will contribute to TOL production using metabolic engineering strategies.

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Engineering the L-tryptophan metabolism for efficient de novo biosynthesis of tryptophol in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Ye Li, Jingzhen Sun, Zhenhao Fu, Yubing He, Xiaorui Chen, Shijie Wang, Lele Zhang, Jiansheng Jian, Weihua Yang, Chunli Liu, Xiuxia Liu, Yankun Yang, Zhonghu Bai
Biotechnology for Biofuels and Bioproducts.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Evaluating the Atypical Aging Potential Development in Sparkling Wines Can Be Achieved by Assessing the Base Wines at the End of the Alcoholic Fermentation
Simone Delaiti, Tiziana Nardin, Tomas Roman, Stefano Pedò, Roberto Larcher
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.2024; 72(9): 4918. CrossRef
Tryptophol Improves the Biocontrol Efficacy of Scheffersomyces spartinae against the Gray Mold of Strawberries by Quorum Sensing
Zichang Zhao, Yingying Wei, Xiurong Zou, Shu Jiang, Yi Chen, Jianfen Ye, Feng Xu, Hongfei Wang, Xingfeng Shao
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.2023; 71(49): 19739. CrossRef
A comprehensive review and comparison of L-tryptophan biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli
Xinru Ren, Yue Wei, Honglu Zhao, Juanjuan Shao, Fanli Zeng, Zhen Wang, Li Li
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

Characterization of a cold-adapted debranching enzyme and its role in glycogen metabolism and virulence of Vibrio vulnificus MO6-24/O: Ah-Reum Han , Haeyoung Kim , Jong-Tae Park , Jung-Wan Kim; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(4):375-386. Published online February 14, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1507-3

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Abstract

Vibrio vulnificus MO6-24/O has three genes annotated as debranching enzymes or pullulanase genes. Among them, the gene encoded by VVMO6_03032 (vvde1) shares a higher similarity at the amino acid sequence level to the glycogen debranching enzymes, AmyX of Bacillus subtilis (40.5%) and GlgX of Escherichia coli (55.5%), than those encoded by the other two genes. The vvde1 gene encoded a protein with a molecular mass of 75.56 kDa and purified Vvde1 efficiently hydrolyzed glycogen and pullulan to shorter chains of maltodextrin and maltotriose (G3), respectively. However, it hydrolyzed amylopectin and soluble starch far less efficiently, and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) only rarely. The optimal pH and temperature of Vvde1 was 6.5 and 25°C, respectively. Vvde1 was a cold-adapted debranching enzyme with more than 60% residual activity at 5°C. It could maintain stability for 2 days at 25°C and 1 day at 35°C, but it destabilized drastically at 40°C. The Vvde1 activity was inhibited considerably by Cu2+, Hg2+, and Zn2+, while it was slightly enhanced by Co2+, Ca2+, Ni2+, and Fe2+. The vvde1 knock-out mutant accumulated more glycogen than the wild-type in media supplemented with 1.0% maltodextrin; however, the side chain length distribution of glycogen was similar to that of the wild-type except G3, which was much more abundant in the mutant. Therefore, Vvde1 seemed to debranch glycogen with the degree of polymerization 3 (DP3) as the specific target branch length. Virulence of the pathogen against Caenorhabditis elegans was attenuated significantly by the vvde1 mutation. These results suggest that Vvde1 might be a unique glycogen debranching enzyme that is involved in both glycogen utilization and shaping of glycogen molecules, and contributes toward virulence of the pathogen.

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Archives of Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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Archives of Microbiology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

Review

Coordinated regulation of interferon and inflammasome signaling pathways by SARS-CoV-2 proteins: Na-Eun Kim , Yoon-Jae Song; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(3):300-307. Published online January 28, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1502-8

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Abstract

Type I and III interferons (IFNs) and the nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-containing receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2. While optimal IFN and inflammasome responses are essential for limiting SARS-CoV-2 infection, aberrant activation of these innate immune responses is associated with COVID-19 pathogenesis. In this review, we focus our discussion on recent findings on SARS-CoV-2-induced type I and III IFNs and NLRP3 inflammasome responses and the viral proteins regulating these mechanisms.

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