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- Gamete-associated flavobacteria of the oviparous Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in lakes Michigan and Huron, North America
- Thomas P. Loch , Mohamed Faisal
- J. Microbiol. 2016;54(7):477-486. Published online June 28, 2016
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-016-5629-3
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- 8 Crossref
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Abstract
- Flavobacterial diseases, caused by multiple members of the Family Flavobacteriaceae, elicit serious losses in wild and farmed fish around the world. Flavobacteria are known to be transmitted horizontally; however, vertical transmission has been suspected but proven only for one fish-pathogenic flavobacterial species (e.g., Flavobacterium psychrophilum). Herein, we report on the isolation and molecular identification of multiple Flavobacterium and Chryseobacterium taxa from the ovarian fluid and eggs of feral Great Lakes Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Identified egg- and ovarian fluid-associated flavobacteria were either well-known flavobacterial fish pathogens (e.g., F. psychrophilum and F. columnare), most similar to emerging fish-associated flavobacteria (e.g., F. spartansii, F. tructae, F. piscis, C. piscium, C. scophthalmum), or were distinct from all other described Chryseobacterium and Flavobacterium spp., as determined by phylogenetic analyses using neighbor-joining, Bayesian, and Maximum Likelihood methodologies. The gamete-associated flavobacteria fell into three groups (e.g., those that were recovered from the ovarian fluid but not eggs; those that were recovered from the ovarian fluid and eggs; and those that were recovered from eggs but not ovarian fluid), a portion of which were recovered from eggs that were surface disinfected with iodophor at the commonly used dose and duration for egg disinfection. Some gamete-associated flavobacteria were also found in renal, splenic, and neurological tissues. Systemic polymicrobial infections comprised of F. psychrophilum and F. columnare were also detected at nearly an 11% prevalence. This study highlights the potential role that sexual products of female Great Lakes Chinook salmon may play in the transmission of fish-associated flavobacteria.
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Citations
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- Atypical flavobacteria recovered from diseased fish in the Western United States
Taylor I. Heckman, Zeinab Yazdi, Eric K. Pomaranski, Fernanda de Alexandre Sebastião, Kaveramma Mukkatira, Brent M. Vuglar, Kenneth D. Cain, Thomas P. Loch, Esteban Soto
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Description of Flavobacterium cyclinae sp. nov. and Flavobacterium channae sp. nov., isolated from the intestines of Cyclina sinensis (Corb shell) and Channa argus (Northern snakehead)
Seomin Kang, Jae-Yun Lee, Jeong Eun Han, Yun-Seok Jeong, Do-Hun Gim, Jin-Woo Bae
Journal of Microbiology.2022; 60(9): 890. CrossRef - Interactions between Rainbow Trout Eyed Eggs and Flavobacterium spp. Using a Bath Challenge Model: Preliminary Evaluation of Bacteriophages as Pathogen Control Agents
Valentina L. Donati, Inger Dalsgaard, Anniina Runtuvuori-Salmela, Heidi Kunttu, Johanna Jørgensen, Daniel Castillo, Lotta-Riina Sundberg, Mathias Middelboe, Lone Madsen
Microorganisms.2021; 9(5): 971. CrossRef - Water hardness does not influence iodine-induced mortality of rainbow trout eyed eggs
J. Rosburg Alex, Enright Cameron, M. Voorhees Jill, E. Barnes Michael
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Jason P. Evenhuis, Ryan Lipscomb, Clayton Birkett
Journal of Fish Diseases.2021; 44(5): 533. CrossRef - Detection and identification of a fish pathogen Flavobacterium columnare using specific monoclonal antibodies
Nantawut Ponpukdee, Pradit Wangman, Channarong Rodkhum, Chalinan Pengsuk, Parin Chaivisuthangkura, Paisarn Sithigorngul, Siwaporn Longyant
Aquaculture.2021; 545: 737231. CrossRef - Flavobacteria colonizing the early life stages of hatchery‐incubated Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum 1792) are markedly diverse
T P Loch, M Faisal
Journal of Fish Diseases.2018; 41(5): 829. CrossRef - Testing a text mining tool for emerging risk identification
Niels B. Lucas Luijckx, Fred J. van de Brug, Winfried R. Leeman, Jos M.B.M. van der Vossen, Hilde J. Cnossen
EFSA Supporting Publications.2016;[Epub] CrossRef
- Atypical flavobacteria recovered from diseased fish in the Western United States
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
- Carnobacterium maltaromaticum Infections in Feral Oncorhynchus spp. (Family Salmonidae) in Michigan
- Thomas P. Loch , Rakesh Kumar , Wei Xu , Mohamed Faisal
- J. Microbiol. 2011;49(5):703-713. Published online November 9, 2011
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-011-0527-1
- 42 View
- 0 Download
- 21 Scopus
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Abstract
- Members of the genus Oncorhynchus were introduced from the Pacific Northwest to the Laurentian Great Lakes basin and now constitute one of its most commercially and ecologically valuable fisheries. Recently, infections by a group of Gram-positive atypical lactobacilli belonging to the genus Carnobacterium have been detected in feral and captive Oncorhynchus spp. broodstock, some of which were associated with mortalities. Out of 1564 rainbow and steelhead trout (O. mykiss), coho salmon (O. kisutch), and Chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha) that were bacteriologically examined, 57 Carnobacterium spp. isolates were recovered from the kidneys, spleen, swimbladder, and/or external ulcerations of 51 infected fish. Phenotypic and biochemical characterization, as well as partial 16S rDNA sequencing and phylogenetic analyses of 30 representative isolates identified 29 as Carnobacterium maltaromaticum and 1 as C. divergens, though some phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity was observed. Infections with C. maltaromaticum were associated with signitures typical of pseudokidney disease, but on occasion were also observed in fish displaying the gross and histopathological changes characteristic of nephrocalcinosis. While C. maltaromaticum infections were found to be widespread in both feral and farmed spawning populations of Oncorhynchus spp. residing within the Great Lakes basin, infection prevalence varied significantly according to fish species and strain, gender, and across time, but not by sampling location according to logistic regression analysis. The findings of this study further underscore the presence of phenotypic variations among Carnobacterium maltaromaticum strains that necessitate genotypic analysis to achieve definitive identification.
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