Floccularia luteovirens, as an ectomycorrhizal fungus, is widely
distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. As an edible
fungus, it is famous for its unique flavor. Former studies
mainly focus on the chemical composition and genetic structure
of this species. However, the phylogenetic relationship
between genotypes remains unknown. In this study, the genetic
variation and phylogenetic relationship between the
genotypes of F. luteovirens in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was estimated
through the analysis on two protein-coding genes
(rpb1 and ef-1α) from 398 individuals collected from 24 wild
populations. The sample covered the entire range of this species
during all the growth seasons from 2011 to 2015. 13 genotypes
were detected and moderate genetic diversity was
revealed. Based on the results of network analysis, the maximum
likelihood (ML), maximum parsimony (MP), and Bayesian
inference (BI) analyses, the genotypes H-1, H-4, H-6,
H-8, H-10, and H-11 were grouped into one clade. Additionally,
a relatively higher genotype diversity (average h value is
0.722) and unique genotypes in the northeast edge of Qinghai-
Tibet plateau have been found, combined with the results
of mismatch analysis and neutrality tests indicated that
Southeast Qinghai-Tibet plateau was a refuge for F. luteovirens
during the historical geological or climatic events (uplifting
of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau or Last Glacial Maximum).
Furthermore, the present distribution of the species
on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau has resulted from the recent
population expansion. Our findings provide a foundation
for the future study of the evolutionary history and the speciation
of this species.
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