Journal of Microbiology

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Arctic lichen Cladonia borealis-induced cell death is mediated by p53-independent activation of Caspase-9 and PARP-1 signaling in human colorectal cancer cell lines: Ju-Mi Hong, Seul Ki Min, Kyung Hee Kim, Se Jong Han, Joung Han Yim, Sojin Kim, Youn-Jung Kim, Il-Chan Kim; J. Microbiol. 2025;63(4):e2412012. Published online April 29, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.71150/jm.2412012

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Abstract PDF: The anti-cancer effects of Cladonia borealis (an Arctic lichen) methanol extract (CBME) on human colon carcinoma HCT116 cells were investigated for the first time. The proliferation of the HCT116 cells treated with CBME significantly decreased in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometry results indicated that treatment with CBME resulted in significant apoptosis in the HCT116 cells. Furthermore, immunoblotting and qRT-PCR results revealed the expression of apoptosis-related marker genes and indicated a significant downregulation of the apoptosis regulator B-cell lymphoma expression and upregulation of the cleaved form of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase as DNA repair and apoptosis regulators and central tumor suppressor p53. Therefore, CBME significantly inhibited cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in colon carcinoma cells. Collectively, these data suggested that CBME contained one or more compounds with anti-cancer effects and could be a potential therapeutic agent. Further studies are required to identify candidate compounds and understand the mechanism of action of CBME.

Fungal diversity from Fildes Peninsula (Antarctica) and their antibiosis bioactivity against two plant pathogens: Ji Seon Kim, Enzo Romero, Yoonhee Cho, Ramón Ahumada-Rudolph, Christian Núñez, Jonhatan Gómez-Espinoza, Ernesto Moya-Elizondo, Sigisfredo Garnica, Young Woon Lim, Jaime R. Cabrera-Pardo; Received November 26, 2024 Accepted February 13, 2025 Published online April 14, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.71150/jm.2411029 [Epub ahead of print]

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material: Antarctic fungi can effectively adapt to extreme environments, which leads to the production of unique bioactive compounds. Studies on the discovery of fungi in the diverse environments of Antarctica and their potential applications are increasing, yet remain limited. In this study, fungi were isolated from various substrates on the Fildes Peninsula in Antarctica and screened for their antibiosis activity against two significant plant pathogenic fungi, Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium culmorum. Phylogenetic analysis using multiple genetic markers revealed that the isolated Antarctic fungal strains are diverse, some of which are novel, emphasizing the underexplored biodiversity of Antarctic fungi. These findings suggest that these fungi have potential for the development of new antifungal agents that can be applied in agriculture to manage fungal plant pathogens. Furthermore, the antibiosis activities of the isolated Antarctic fungi were evaluated using a dual-culture assay. The results indicated that several strains from the genera Cyathicula, Penicillium, and Pseudeurotium significantly inhibited pathogen growth, with Penicillium pancosmium showing the highest inhibitory activity against Botrytis cinerea. Similarly, Aspergillus and Tolypocladium strains exhibited strong antagonistic effects against Fusarium culmorum. This study enhances our understanding of Antarctic fungal diversity and highlights its potential for biotechnological applications.

Journal Articles

Synthesis of pinene in the industrial strain Candida glycerinogenes by modification of its mevalonate pathway: Tengfei Ma , Hong Zong , Xinyao Lu , Bin Zhuge; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(12):1191-1200. Published online October 24, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-2344-0

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Abstract

Terpenes have many applications and are widely found in nature, but recent progress in synthetic biology has enabled the use of microorganisms as chassis cells for the synthesis of these compounds. Candida glycerinogenes (C. glycerinogenes) is an industrial strain that may be developed as a chassis for the synthesis of terpenes since it has a tolerance to hyperosmolality and high sugar, and has a complete mevalonate (MVA) pathway. However, monoterpenes such as pinene are highly toxic, and the tolerance of C. glycerinogenes to pinene was investigated. We also measured the content of mevalonate and squalene to evaluate the strength of the MVA pathway. To determine terpene synthesis capacity, a pathway for the synthesis of pinene was constructed in C. glycerinogenes. Pinene production was improved by overexpression, gene knockdown and antisense RNA inhibition. Pinene production was mainly enhanced by strengthening the upstream MVA pathway and inhibiting the production of by-products from the downstream pathway. With these strategies, yield could be increased by almost 16 times, to 6.0 mg/L. Overall, we successfully constructed a pinene synthesis pathway in C. glycerinogenes and enhanced pinene production through metabolic modification.

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Recent advances in genome mining and synthetic biology for discovery and biosynthesis of natural products
Mingpeng Wang, Lei Chen, Zhaojie Zhang, Qinhong Wang
Critical Reviews in Biotechnology.2025; 45(1): 236. CrossRef
Engineering a complete mevalonate pathway in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii for enhanced isoprenoid production
Jingkai Wang, Muhammad Anwar, Jiancheng Li, Lin Dan, Bin Jia, Zhangli Hu
Algal Research.2025; 88: 103987. CrossRef
Two-Phase Fermentation Systems for Microbial Production of Plant-Derived Terpenes
Tuo Li, Ximeng Liu, Haoyu Xiang, Hehua Zhu, Xuan Lu, Baomin Feng
Molecules.2024; 29(5): 1127. CrossRef
Acetic acid stress and utilization synergistically enhance squalene biosynthesis in Candida glycerinogenes
Zhenzhen You, Xueqing Du, Hong Zong, Xinyao Lu, Bin Zhuge
Biochemical Engineering Journal.2024; 210: 109413. CrossRef
Recent developments in enzymatic and microbial biosynthesis of flavor and fragrance molecules
Roman M. Dickey, Madan R. Gopal, Priyanka Nain, Aditya M. Kunjapur
Journal of Biotechnology.2024; 389: 43. CrossRef
Recent Advances and Multiple Strategies of Monoterpenoid Overproduction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Yarrowia lipolytica
Dong-Xun Li, Qi Guo, Yu-Xin Yang, Shun-Jie Jiang, Xiao-Jun Ji, Chao Ye, Yue-Tong Wang, Tian-Qiong Shi
ACS Synthetic Biology.2024; 13(6): 1647. CrossRef
Gene Editing of Candida glycerinogenes by Designed Toxin–Antitoxin Cassette
Wen Lv, Xinyao Lu, Bin Zhuge, Hong Zong
ACS Synthetic Biology.2024; 13(3): 816. CrossRef
Candida glycerinogenes-Promoted α-Pinene and Squalene Co-production Strategy Based on α-Pinene Stress
Tengfei Ma, Hong Zong, Xinyao Lu, Bin Zhuge
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.2023; 71(13): 5250. CrossRef

Fus3 and Tpk2 protein kinases regulate the phosphorylation-dependent functions of RNA helicase Dhh1 in yeast mating and Ste12 protein expression: Jaehee Hwang , Daehee Jung , Jinmi Kim; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(8):843-848. Published online July 14, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-2213-x

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Abstract: Decapping of mRNA is a key regulatory step for mRNA decay and translation. The RNA helicase, Dhh1, is known as a decapping activator and translation repressor in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Dhh1 also functions as a gene-specific positive regulator in the expression of Ste12, a mating-specific transcription factor. A previous study showed that the Nerminal phosphorylation of Dhh1 regulates its association with the mRNA-binding protein, Puf6, to affect the protein translation of Ste12. Here, we investigated the roles of the phosphorylated residues of Dhh1 in yeast mating process and Ste12 expression. The phospho-deficient mutation, DHH1- T10A, was associated with decreased diploid formation during mating and decreased level of the Ste12 protein in response to α-mating pheromone. A kinase overexpression analysis revealed that Ste12 protein expression was affected by overexpression of Fus3 MAP kinase or Tpk2 kinase. Tpk2 was shown to be responsible for phosphorylation of Dhh1 at Thr10. Our study shows that overexpression of Fus3 or Tpk2 alters the Dhh1-Puf6 protein interaction and thereby affects Ste12 protein expression.

Down-regulation of microRNA-155 suppressed Candida albicans induced acute lung injury by activating SOCS1 and inhibiting inflammation response: Xiaohua Li , Yuanzhong Gong , Xin Lin , Qiong Lin , Jianxiong Luo , Tianxing Yu , Junping Xu , Lifang Chen , Liyu Xu , Ying Hu; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(4):402-410. Published online February 14, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1663-5

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Abstract

Acute lung injury caused by Candida albicans could result in high mortality and morbidity. MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) and suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) have been believed to play a key in the regulation of inflammatory response. Whether miR-155/SOCS1 axis could regulate the acute lung injury caused by C. albicans has not been reported. The acute lung injury animal model was established with acute infection of C. albicans. miR-155 inhibitor, miR-155 mimic, and sh-SOCS1 were constructed. The binding site between miR- 155 and SOCS1 was identified with dual luciferase reporter assay. Knockdown of miR-155 markedly inhibited the germ tube formation of C. albicans. Knockdown of miR-155 significantly up-regulated the expression of SOCS1, and the binding site between miR-155 and SOCS1 was identified. Knockdown of miR-155 improved the acute lung injury, suppressed inflammatory factors and fungus loading through SOCS1. Knockdown of SOCS1 greatly reversed the influence of miR- 155 inhibitor on the cell apoptosis in vitro. The improvement of acute lung injury caused by C. albicans, suppression of inflammatory response and C. albicans infection, and inhibitor of cell apoptosis were achieved by knocking down miR-155 through SOCS1. This research might provide a new thought for the prevention and treatment of acute lung injury caused by C. albicans through targeting miR-155/SOCS1 axis.

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Role of microRNAs in Immune Regulation with Translational and Clinical Applications
Zsuzsanna Gaál
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(3): 1942. CrossRef
miR‑186‑5p regulates the inflammatory response of chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder by targeting HIF‑1α
Yihui Fu, Jie Zhao, Jie Chen, Yamei Zheng, Rubing Mo, Lei Zhang, Bingli Zhang, Qi Lin, Chanyi He, Siguang Li, Lingsang Lin, Tian Xie, Yipeng Ding
Molecular Medicine Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Targeting microRNAs as a promising anti-cancer therapeutic strategy against traffic-related air pollution-mediated lung cancer
Hamed Kazemi Shariat Panahi, Mona Dehhaghi, Gilles J. Guillemin, Wanxi Peng, Mortaza Aghbashlo, Meisam Tabatabaei
Cancer and Metastasis Reviews.2024; 43(2): 657. CrossRef
MicroRNAs: Regulators of the host antifungal immune response
Yanchen Lin, Ping Li, Jinliang Teng, Chunhua Liao
Perioperative Precision Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Total saponins from Panax japonicus reduce inflammation in adipocytes through the miR155/SOCS1/NFκB signaling pathway
Yan Gao, Rui Wang, Luoying Li, Yumin He, Ding Yuan, Yifan Zhang, Yaqi Hu, Shuwen Wang, Chengfu Yuan
Phytomedicine.2023; 115: 154827. CrossRef
Unraveling Therapeutic Opportunities and the Diagnostic Potential of microRNAs for Human Lung Cancer
Osama Sweef, Elsayed Zaabout, Ahmed Bakheet, Mohamed Halawa, Ibrahim Gad, Mohamed Akela, Ehab Tousson, Ashraf Abdelghany, Saori Furuta
Pharmaceutics.2023; 15(8): 2061. CrossRef

The quorum sensing regulator OpaR is a repressor of polar flagellum genes in Vibrio parahaemolyticus: Renfei Lu , Junfang Sun , Yue Qiu , Miaomiao Zhang , Xingfan Xue , Xue Li , Wenhui Yang , Dongsheng Zhou , Lingfei Hu , Yiquan Zhang; J. Microbiol. 2021;59(7):651-657. Published online June 1, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-0629-3

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Abstract

Vibrio parahaemolyticus possesses two types of flagella: a single polar flagellum (Pof) for swimming and the peritrichous lateral flagella (Laf) for swarming. Expression of Laf genes has previously been reported to be regulated by the quorum sensing (QS) regulators AphA and OpaR. In the present study, we showed that OpaR, the QS regulator at high cell density (HCD), acted as a negative regulator of swimming motility and the transcription of Pof genes in V. parahaemolyticus. OpaR bound to the promoter-proximal DNA regions of flgAMN, flgMN, and flgBCDEFGHIJ within the Pof gene loci to repress their transcription, whereas it negatively regulates the transcription of flgKL-flaC in an indirect manner. Thus, this work investigated how QS regulated the swimming motility via direct action of its master regulator OpaR on the transcription of Pof genes in V. parahaemolyticus.

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H-NS-Mediated Regulation of Swimming Motility and Polar Flagellar Gene Expression in Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Yue Zhou, Jingyang Chang, Feng Li, Mei He, Rui Li, Yaqin Hou, Yiquan Zhang, Renfei Lu, Ming Yang
Current Microbiology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
GefB, a GGDEF domain-containing protein, affects motility and biofilm formation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and is regulated by quorum sensing regulators
Yining Zhou, Jingyang Chang, Miaomiao Zhang, Xue Li, Xi Luo, Wanpeng Li, Zhukang Tian, Nan Zhang, Bin Ni, Yiquan Zhang, Renfei Lu
Gene.2025; 933: 148968. CrossRef
The effect of environmental calcium on gene expression, biofilm formation and virulence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Xue Li, Jingyang Chang, Miaomiao Zhang, Yining Zhou, Tingting Zhang, Yiquan Zhang, Renfei Lu
Frontiers in Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
VPA0198, a GGDEF domain-containing protein, affects the motility and biofilm formation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and is regulated by quorum sensing associated regulators
Yining Zhou, Jingyang Chang, Miaomiao Zhang, Xue Li, Wenhui Yang, Lingfei Hu, Dongsheng Zhou, Bin Ni, Renfei Lu, Yiquan Zhang
Microbial Pathogenesis.2024; 195: 106882. CrossRef
Antibacterial and anti-virulence potential of plant phenolic compounds against Vibrio parahaemolyticus
F. Javier Vazquez-Armenta, M. Olivia Aros-Corrales, M. Lizeth Alvarez-Ainza, A. Thalia Bernal-Mercado, J. Fernando Ayala-Zavala, Adrian Ochoa-Leyva, A. Alexis Lopez-Zavala
F1000Research.2024; 12: 1256. CrossRef
Environmental magnesium ion affects global gene expression, motility, biofilm formation and virulence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Xue Li, Xiaobai Zhang, Miaomiao Zhang, Xi Luo, Tingting Zhang, Xianjin Liu, Renfei Lu, Yiquan Zhang
Biofilm.2024; 7: 100194. CrossRef
The histone-like nucleoid-structuring protein encoded by the plasmid pMBL6842 regulates both plasmid stability and host physiology of Pseudoalteromonas rubra SCSIO 6842
Baiyuan Li, Songwei Ni, Yabo Liu, Jianzhong Lin, Xiaoxue Wang
Microbiological Research.2024; 286: 127817. CrossRef
The Impact of Vp-Porin, an Outer Membrane Protein, on the Biological Characteristics and Virulence of Vibrio Parahaemolyticus
Jinyuan Che, Qitong Fang, Shaojie Hu, Binghong Liu, Lei Wang, Xiu Fang, Lekang Li, Tuyan Luo, Baolong Bao
Biology.2024; 13(7): 485. CrossRef
Phenotypic changes and gene expression profiles of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in response to low concentrations of ampicillin
Xi Luo, Miaomiao Zhang, Yiquan Zhang, Xue Li, Renfei Lu
The Journal of Antibiotics.2024; 77(12): 823. CrossRef
Bioprospecting and Exploration of Phytochemicals as Quorum Sensing Inhibitors against Cariogenic Dental Biofilm
S. Arya, R. Usha
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Identification of an LysR family transcriptional regulator that activates motility and flagellar gene expression in Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Jingyang Chang, Yining Zhou, Xue Li, Miaomiao Zhang, Yiquan Zhang, Bin Ni, Renfei Lu
Letters in Applied Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The LuxO-OpaR quorum-sensing cascade differentially controls Vibriophage VP882 lysis-lysogeny decision making in liquid and on surfaces
Francis J. Santoriello, Bonnie L. Bassler, Ankur B. Dalia
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Evaluation of Therapeutic Efficiency of Stylicin against Vibrio parahaemolyticus Infection in Shrimp Penaeus vannamei through Comparative Proteomic Approach
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CalR Inhibits the Swimming Motility and Polar Flagellar Gene Expression in Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Jingyang Chang, Yining Zhou, Miaomiao Zhang, Xue Li, Nan Zhang, Xi Luo, Bin Ni, Haisheng Wu, Renfei Lu, Yiquan Zhang
Journal of Microbiology.2024; 62(12): 1125. CrossRef
Quorum sensing: An emerging role for Vibrio infection and host defense
Hao-Nan Lin, Xian-Hui Huang, Xin-Jun Miao, Wei-Lin Hu, Yong-Liang Lou, Dan-Li Xie
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QsvR and OpaR coordinately repress biofilm formation by Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Miaomiao Zhang, Xingfan Xue, Xue Li, Qimin Wu, Tingting Zhang, Wenhui Yang, Lingfei Hu, Dongsheng Zhou, Renfei Lu, Yiquan Zhang
Frontiers in Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Transcriptomic Profiles of Vibrio parahaemolyticus During Biofilm Formation
Yiquan Zhang, Tingting Zhang, Yue Qiu, Miaomiao Zhang, Xiuhui Lu, Wenhui Yang, Lingfei Hu, Dongsheng Zhou, Bo Gao, Renfei Lu
Current Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Antibacterial and anti-virulence potential of plant phenolic compounds against Vibrio parahaemolyticus
F. Javier Vazquez-Armenta, M. Olivia Aros-Corrales, M. Lizeth Alvarez-Ainza, A. Thalia Bernal-Mercado, J. Fernando Ayala-Zavala, Adrian Ochoa-Leyva, A. Alexis Lopez-Zavala
F1000Research.2023; 12: 1256. CrossRef
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Miaomiao Zhang, Liyan Cai, Xi Luo, Xue Li, Tingting Zhang, Fei Wu, Yiquan Zhang, Renfei Lu
Frontiers in Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Quorum sensing and QsvR tightly control the transcription of vpa0607 encoding an active RNase II-type protein in Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Yiquan Zhang, Xingfan Xue, Fengjun Sun, Xue Li, Miaomiao Zhang, Qimin Wu, Tingting Zhang, Xi Luo, Renfei Lu
Frontiers in Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
QsvR represses the transcription of polar flagellum genes in Vibrio parahaemolyticus
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Qimin Wu, Xue Li, Tingting Zhang, Miaomiao Zhang, Xingfan Xue, Wenhui Yang, Lingfei Hu, Zhe Yin, Dongsheng Zhou, Yuyu Sun, Renfei Lu, Yiquan Zhang, Sébastien P. Faucher
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Computationally Designed Anti-LuxP DNA Aptamer Suppressed Flagellar Assembly- and Quorum Sensing-Related Gene Expression in Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Nur Afiqah Md Yusof, Siti Aisyah Razali, Azyyati Mohd Padzil, Benjamin Yii Chung Lau, Syarul Nataqain Baharum, Nor Azlan Nor Muhammad, Nurul Hanun Ahmad Raston, Chou Min Chong, Natrah Fatin Mohd Ikhsan, Magdalena Lenny Situmorang, Low Chen Fei
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Mélanie Billaud, François Seneca, Eric Tambutté, Dorota Czerucka
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Full-repertoire comparison of the microscopic objects composing the human gut microbiome with sequenced and cultured communities: Edmond Kuete Yimagou , Jean-Pierre Baudoin , Rita Abou Abdallah , Fabrizio Di Pinto , Jacques Yaacoub Bou Khalil , Didier Raoult; J. Microbiol. 2020;58(5):377-386. Published online April 11, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-9365-3

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Abstract

The study of the human gut microbiome is essential in microbiology and infectious diseases as specific alterations in the gut microbiome might be associated with various pathologies, such as chronic inflammatory disease, intestinal infection and colorectal cancer. To identify such dysregulations, several strategies are being used to create a repertoire of the microorganisms composing the human gut microbiome. In this study, we used the “microscomics” approach, which consists of creating an ultrastructural repertoire of all the cell-like objects composing stool samples from healthy donors using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We used TEM to screen ultrathin sections of 8 resin-embedded stool samples. After exploring hundreds of micrographs, we managed to elaborate ultrastructural categories based on morphological criteria or features. This approach explained many inconsistencies observed with other techniques, such as metagenomics and culturomics. We highlighted the value of our cultureindependent approach by comparing our microscopic images to those of cultured bacteria and those reported in the literature. This study helped to detect “minimicrobes” Candidate Phyla Radiation (CPR) for the first time in human stool samples. This “microscomics” approach is non-exhaustive but complements already existing approaches and adds important data to the puzzle of the microbiota.

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Candidate Phyla Radiation, an Underappreciated Division of the Human Microbiome, and Its Impact on Health and Disease
Sabrina Naud, Ahmad Ibrahim, Camille Valles, Mohamad Maatouk, Fadi Bittar, Maryam Tidjani Alou, Didier Raoult
Clinical Microbiology Reviews.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Radiotherapy and the gut microbiome: facts and fiction
Jing Liu, Chao Liu, Jinbo Yue
Radiation Oncology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Host–microbiota maladaptation in colorectal cancer
Alina Janney, Fiona Powrie, Elizabeth H. Mann
Nature.2020; 585(7826): 509. CrossRef

Improved tolerance of Escherichia coli to oxidative stress by expressing putative response regulator homologs from Antarctic bacteria: Seo-jeong Park , Sangyong Lim , Jong-il Choi; J. Microbiol. 2020;58(2):131-141. Published online December 23, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-9290-5

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Abstract

Response regulator (RR) is known a protein that mediates cell’s response to environmental changes. The effect of RR from extremophiles was still under investigation. In this study, response regulator homologs were mined from NGS data of Antarctic bacteria and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. Sixteen amino acid sequences were annotated corresponding to response regulators related to the two-component regulatory systems; of these, 3 amino acid sequences (DRH632, DRH1601 and DRH577) with high homology were selected. These genes were cloned in pRadGro and expressed in E. coli. The transformant strains were subjected to various abiotic stresses including oxidative, osmotic, thermal stress, and acidic stress. There was found that the robustness of E. coli to abiotic stress was increased in the presence of these response regulator homologs. Especially, recombinant E. coli overexpressing drh632 had the highest survival rate in oxidative, hypothermic, osmotic, and acidic conditions. Recombinant E. coli overexpressing drh1601 showed the highest tolerance level to osmotic stress. These results will be applicable for development of recombinant strains with high tolerance to abiotic stress.

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Mechanistic and bibliometric insights into RpoS -mediated biofilm regulation and its strategic role in food safety applications
Shirin Akter, Md. Ashikur Rahman, Md. Ashrafudoulla, A.G.M.Sofi Uddin Mahamud, Md Anamul Hasan Chowdhury, Sang-Do Ha
Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition.2025; : 1. CrossRef
Deionococcus proteotlycius Genomic Library Exploration Enhances Oxidative Stress Resistance and Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate Production in Recombinant Escherichia coli
Seul-Ki Yang, Soyoung Jeong, Inwoo Baek, Jong-il Choi, Sangyong Lim, Jong-Hyun Jung
Microorganisms.2023; 11(9): 2135. CrossRef
Bacterial redox response factors in the management of environmental oxidative stress
Sudharsan M, Rajendra Prasad N, Saravanan Rajendrasozhan
World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Bacteriophages as Antimicrobial Agents? Proteomic Insights on Three Novel Lytic Bacteriophages Infecting ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli
Sadika Dkhili, Miguel Ribeiro, Salma Ghariani, Houssem Ben Yahia, Mélanie Hillion, Patricia Poeta, Karim Ben Slama, Michel Hébraud, Gilberto Igrejas
OMICS: A Journal of Integrative Biology.2021; 25(10): 626. CrossRef
Regulator of ribonuclease activity modulates the pathogenicity of Vibrio vulnificus
Jaejin Lee, Eunkyoung Shin, Jaeyeong Park, Minho Lee, Kangseok Lee
Journal of Microbiology.2021; 59(12): 1133. CrossRef

H2 Metabolism revealed by metagenomic analysis of subglacial sediment from East Antarctica: Zhifeng Yang , Yu Zhang , Yongxin Lv , Wenkai Yan , Xiang Xiao , Bo Sun , Hongmei Ma; J. Microbiol. 2019;57(12):1095-1104. Published online November 22, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-019-9366-2

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Abstract

Subglacial ecosystems harbor diverse chemoautotrophic microbial communities in areas with limited organic carbon, and lithological H2 produced during glacial erosion has been considered an important energy source in these ecosystems. To verify the H2-utilizing potential there and to identify the related energy-converting metabolic mechanisms of these communities, we performed metagenomic analysis on subglacial sediment samples from East Antarctica with and without H2 supplementation. Genes coding for several [NiFe]- hydrogenases were identified in raw sediment and were enriched after H2 incubation. All genes in the dissimilatory nitrate reduction and denitrification pathways were detected in the subglacial community, and the genes coding for these pathways became enriched after H2 was supplied. Similarly, genes transcribing key enzymes in the Calvin cycle were detected in raw sediment and were also enriched. Moreover, key genes involved in H2 oxidization, nitrate reduction, oxidative phosphorylation, and the Calvin cycle were identified within one metagenome-assembled genome belonging to a Polaromonas sp. As suggested by our results, the microbial community in the subglacial environment we investigated consisted of chemoautotrophic populations supported by H2 oxidation. These results further confirm the importance of H2 in the cryosphere.

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Shotgun metagenomics reveals distinct functional diversity and metabolic capabilities between 12 000-year-old permafrost and active layers on Muot da Barba Peider (Swiss Alps)
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Global modeling of hydrogen using GFDL-AM4.1: Sensitivity of soil removal and radiative forcing
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Antarctic tundra soil metagenome as useful natural resources of cold-active lignocelluolytic enzymes: Han Na Oh , Doyoung Park , Hoon Je Seong , Dockyu Kim , Woo Jun Sul; J. Microbiol. 2019;57(10):865-873. Published online September 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-019-9217-1

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Abstract

Lignocellulose composed of complex carbohydrates and aromatic heteropolymers is one of the principal materials for the production of renewable biofuels. Lignocellulose-degrading genes from cold-adapted bacteria have a potential to increase the productivity of biological treatment of lignocellulose biomass by providing a broad range of treatment temperatures. Antarctic soil metagenomes allow to access novel genes encoding for the cold-active lignocellulose-degrading enzymes, for biotechnological and industrial applications. Here, we investigated the metagenome targeting cold-adapted microbes in Antarctic organic matter-rich soil (KS 2-1) to mine lignolytic and celluloytic enzymes by performing single molecule, real-time metagenomic (SMRT) sequencing. In the assembled Antarctic metagenomic contigs with relative long reads, we found that 162 (1.42%) of total 11,436 genes were annotated as carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZy). Actinobacteria, the dominant phylum in this soil’s metagenome, possessed most of candidates of lignocellulose catabolic genes like glycoside hydrolase families (GH13, GH26, and GH5) and auxiliary activity families (AA7 and AA3). The predicted lignocellulose degradation pathways in Antarctic soil metagenome showed synergistic role of various CAZyme harboring bacterial genera including Streptomyces, Streptosporangium, and Amycolatopsis. From phylogenetic relationships with cellular and environmental enzymes, several genes having potential for participating in overall lignocellulose degradation were also found. The results indicated the presence of lignocellulose-degrading bacteria in Antarctic tundra soil and the potential benefits of the lignocelluolytic enzymes as candidates for cold-active enzymes which will be used for the future biofuel-production industry.

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Wei-Wei Zhang, Yu-Xin Guo, Qing-Jun Chen, Yi-Yang Wang, Qiu-Ying Wang, Ya-Ru Yang, Guo-Qing Zhang
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Khadijah Nabilah Mohd Zahri, Azham Zulkharnain, Claudio Gomez-Fuentes, Suriana Sabri, Khalilah Abdul Khalil, Peter Convey, Siti Aqlima Ahmad
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Yin-Xin Zeng, Hui-Rong Li, Wei Han, Wei Luo
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Jéssica P. Silva, Alonso R. P. Ticona, Pedro R. V. Hamann, Betania F. Quirino, Eliane F. Noronha
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Paenibacillus psychroresistens sp. nov., isolated from the soil of an Arctic glacial retreat: In-Tae Cha , Eui-Sang Cho , Yoo Kyung Lee , Seong Woon Roh , Myung-Ji Seo; J. Microbiol. 2019;57(7):569-574. Published online June 27, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-019-8666-x

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Abstract

Strain ML311-T8T was isolated from a glacial retreat area in Svalbard, Norway, and was taxonomically characterized by a polyphasic approach. Upon phylogenetic analysis, strain ML311-T8T was clustered with Paenibacillus arcticus MME2_ R6T and P. contaminans CKOBP-6T with 98.3–98.6 and 93.5– 93.9% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, respectively. DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain ML311-T8T and P. arcticus MME2_R6T was 19.9%. The genomic DNA G+C content was 41.1 mol%. The isolated strain was Gramstain- positive, strictly aerobic and rod-shaped, and grew in 0–0.5% (w/v) NaCl, at 4–23°C and pH 6.0–10.0, with optimal growth in 0% (w/v) NaCl, at 20°C and pH 7.0–8.0. The predominant respiratory quinone of strain ML311-T8T was MK- 7 and the major fatty acids were anteiso-C15:0 and C16:0. The polar lipids of strain ML311-T8T were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, three unidentified amino lipids, and three unidentified lipids. On the basis of polyphasic taxonomic analysis, the strain ML311-T8T is proposed to represent a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus psychroresistens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is ML311-T8T (= KCCM 43190T = JCM 31243T).

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Review

MINIREVIEW] Dynamics of microbial communities and CO2 and CH4 fluxes in the tundra ecosystems of the changing Arctic: Min Jung Kwon , Ji Young Jung , Binu M. Tripathi , Mathias Göckede , Yoo Kyung Lee , Mincheol Kim; J. Microbiol. 2019;57(5):325-336. Published online January 16, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-019-8661-2

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Abstract

Arctic tundra ecosystems are rapidly changing due to the amplified effects of global warming within the northern high latitudes. Warming has the potential to increase the thawing of the permafrost and to change the landscape and its geochemical characteristics, as well as terrestrial biota. It is important to investigate microbial processes and community structures, since soil microorganisms play a significant role in decomposing soil organic carbon in the Arctic tundra. In addition, the feedback from tundra ecosystems to climate change, including the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, is substantially dependent on the compositional and functional changes in the soil microbiome. This article reviews the current state of knowledge of the soil microbiome and the two most abundant greenhouse gas (CO2 and CH4) emissions, and summarizes permafrost thaw-induced changes in the Arctic tundra. Furthermore, we discuss future directions in microbial ecological research coupled with its link to CO2 and CH4 emissions.

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Mark Dopson, Carolina González-Rosales, David S. Holmes, Nadia Mykytczuk
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Claudia Fiencke, Maija E. Marushchak, Tina Sanders, Rica Wegner, Christian Beer
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V A Nikitkin, L G Kolesnichenko, E G Nikitkina, A V Pivovarova, E Kostenko, I V Lushchaeva
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Journal Article

Bacillus piscis sp. nov., a novel bacterium isolated from the muscle of the antarctic fish Dissostichus mawsoni: Jae-Bong Lee , Seon Hwa Jeon , Seok-Gwan Choi , Hee-Young Jung , Myung Kyum Kim , Sathiyaraj Srinivasan; J. Microbiol. 2016;54(12):809-813. Published online November 26, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-016-6473-1

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Abstract

In this paper, a new bacterial strain designated as 16MFT21T is isolated from the muscle of a fish caught in the Antarctic Ocean. Strain 16MFT21T is a Gram-staining-positive, catalase- oxidase-positive, rod-shaped facultative-aerobic bacterium. The phylogenetic analysis that is based on the 16S-rRNA gene sequence of strain 16MFT21T revealed that it belongs to the genus Bacillus in the family Bacillaceae in the class Bacilli. The highest degrees of the sequence similarity of the strain 16MFT21T is with Bacillus licheniformis ATCC 14580T (96.6%) and Bacillus sonorensis NBRC 101234T (96.6%). The isolate formed a pale-yellow pigment, and it grew in the presence of 0% to 10% (w/v) NaCl (optimum at 2% NaCl), a pH of 6.0 to 10.0 (optimum pH􍾘from 7.0 to 8.0), and from 4°C to 30°C (optimum at 30°C). The major polar lipids consist of diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG). The predominant fatty acids are iso-C15:0, anteiso-C15:0, iso-C17:0, and anteiso-C17:0. The main respiratory quinone is menaquinone- 7 (MK-7), and based on the use of the meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid, the peptidoglycan cell-wall type is A1γ. Based on the phylogenetic, phenotypic, and chemotaxonomic data, strain 16MFT21T (=KCTC 18866T =JCM 31664T) for which the name Bacillus piscis sp. nov. is proposed should be classified as a new species.

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Young Hun Jin, Jae-Hyung Mah
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Ebtehag A. E. Sakr, Dena Z. Khater, Zeinab M. H. Kheiralla, Kamel M. El‑khatib
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'ts

Identification of Proteolytic Bacteria from the Arctic Chukchi Sea Expedition Cruise and Characterization of Cold-active Proteases: Ha Ju Park , Yung Mi Lee , Sunghui Kim , Ah Ram Wi , Se Jong Han , Han-Woo Kim , Il-Chan Kim , Joung Han Yim , Dockyu Kim; J. Microbiol. 2014;52(10):825-833. Published online August 27, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-014-4226-6

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Abstract

Following collection of seawater samples during an Arctic Chukchi Sea expedition cruise of the Korean icebreaker Araon in 2012, a total of 15,696 bacteria were randomly isolated from Marine Broth 2216 agar plates. Of these, 2,526 (16%) showed proteolytic activity and were identified as mainly Alteromonas (31%), Staphylococcus (27%), and Pseudoalteromonas (14%). Among the proteolytic strains, seven were selected based on their significant ability to grow and produce a halo on skim milk plates at low temperatures (<5°C) owing to cold-active proteases. These strains were affiliated with the genus Pseudoalteromonas and were divided into three groups based on phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA genes. Profiling cell membrane fatty acids confirmed the 16S rRNA-based differentiation and revealed the accordance between the two analyses. Seven genes for serine protease precursors were amplified from the corresponding strains, and based on sequence similarities, these genes were divided into three groups that were identical to those identified by the 16S rRNA phylogenetic analysis. Three protease genes from the representative strains of each group were composed of 2,127–2,130 bp, encoding 708–709 amino acids, and these genes yielded products with calculated molecular weights of approximately 72.3–72.8 kDa. Amino acid sequence analysis suggested that the precursors are members of the subtilase serine endo- and exo-peptidase clan and contain four domains (signal peptide, N-terminal prosequence, catalytic domain, and two pre-peptidase C-terminal domains). Upon expression in E. coli, each recombinant protease exhibited proteolytic activity on zymogram gels.

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The Arctic summer microbiome across Fram Strait: Depth, longitude, and substrate concentrations structure microbial diversity in the euphotic zone
Matthias Wietz, Anja Engel, Simon Ramondenc, Matomo Niwano, Wilken‐Jon von Appen, Taylor Priest, Anabel von Jackowski, Katja Metfies, Christina Bienhold, Antje Boetius
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Diversity in the utilization of different molecular classes of dissolved organic matter by heterotrophic marine bacteria
Shira Givati, Elena Forchielli, Dikla Aharonovich, Noga Barak, Osnat Weissberg, Natalia Belkin, Eyal Rahav, Daniel Segrè, Daniel Sher, Jennifer F. Biddle
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Benthic bacteria and archaea in the North American Arctic reflect food supply regimes and impacts of coastal and riverine inputs
Alexis M. Walker, Mary Beth Leigh, Sarah L. Mincks
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Cold-Adapted Proteases: An Efficient and Energy-Saving Biocatalyst
Zhengfeng Yang, Zhendi Huang, Qian Wu, Xianghua Tang, Zunxi Huang
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(10): 8532. CrossRef
Description of Polaribacter batillariae sp. nov., Polaribacter cellanae sp. nov., and Polaribacter pectinis sp. nov., novel bacteria isolated from the gut of three types of South Korean shellfish
Su-Won Jeong, Jeong Eun Han, June-Young Lee, Ji-Ho Yoo, Do-Yeon Kim, In Chul Jeong, Jee-Won Choi, Yun-Seok Jeong, Jae-Yun Lee, So-Yeon Lee, Euon Jung Tak, Hojun Sung, Hyun Sik Kim, Pil Soo Kim, Dong-Wook Hyun, Jin-Woo Bae
Journal of Microbiology.2022; 60(6): 576. CrossRef
Proteases from the marine bacteria in the genus Pseudoalteromonas: diversity, characteristics, ecological roles, and application potentials
Xiu-Lan Chen, Yan Wang, Peng Wang, Yu-Zhong Zhang
Marine Life Science & Technology.2020; 2(4): 309. CrossRef
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Antioxidant Capacity of Novel Pigments from an Antarctic Bacterium: Daniela N. Correa-Llantén , Maximiliano J. Amenábar , Jenny M. Blamey; J. Microbiol. 2012;50(3):374-379. Published online June 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-012-2029-1

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Abstract: In Antarctica microorganisms are exposed to several conditions that trigger the generation of reactive oxygen species, such as high UV radiation. Under these conditions they must have an important antioxidant defense system in order to prevent oxidative damage. One of these defenses are pigments which are part of the non-enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms. In this work we focused on the antioxidant capacity of pigments from an Antarctic microorganism belonging to Pedobacter genus. This microorganism produces different types of pigments which belong to the carotenoids group. The antioxidant capacity of a mix of pigments was analyzed by three different methods: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, ROS detection and oxygen electrode. The results obtained from these approaches indicate that the mix of pigments has a strong antioxidant capacity. The oxidative damage induced by UVB exposure to liposomes was also analyzed. Intercalated pigments within the liposomes improved its resistance to lipid peroxidation. Based on the analysis carried out along this research we conclude that the antioxidant properties of the mix of pigments protect this bacterium against oxidative damage. These properties make this mix of pigments a powerful antioxidant mixture with potential biotechnological applications.

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